Abstract: Systems and methods for efficiently managing item deliveries are described. In an example, a computer system may identify a first handling sequence of a first item and sequence steps along the handling sequence. The sequence steps may be common to a different handling sequence of a second item. The computer system may determine that the first item should be grouped in a container grouping the second item based on the sequence steps being common. The computer system may generate an identifier and metadata for the container. The identifier may identify the container to handling systems. The metadata may identify the items of the container, a first sequence step to group the first item, and a second sequence step to ungroup the first item. The computer system may distribute the identifier and/or the metadata to the handling systems.