Abstract: There is disclosed an aqueous formulation for pretanning leather, which formulation comprises (a) a reductive saccharide having a dextrose equivalent of 10 to 100, and (b) an aliphatic dialdehyde containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and which is devoid of mineral salts. The leather treated with the novel aqueous composition (wet white leather) is eminently suitable for further processing, especially for the manufacture of leathers which are devoid of heavy metals.

Abstract: Compositions for the simultaneous retanning and fatliquoring of leather are described which may include further leather treatment agents as well.

Abstract: An aqueous composition for the pretanning of hide pelts or for the retanning of leather comprises (A) an aliphatic dialdehyde containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, (B) an anionic aromatic tanning agent, (C) water and, if desired, (D) an acid. The leather tanned or pretanned with this aqueous composition exhibits a good degree of whiteness and has a high shrinkage temperature.

Abstract: A process for aftertreating tanned leather and pelts to impart a very soft and supple handle and good fullness to them, which comprises subjecting the leather or pelts to an aftertreatment with a polymer which is obtainable by (a) polymerising a monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride of 4 to 8 carbon atoms or a mixture of said dicarboxylic anhydrides, and (b) thereafter partially esterifying and/or amidating the polymer with (b.sub.1) a C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 alcohol and/or a primary or secondary amine and/or (b.sub.2) the reaction product of (.alpha.) an unsaturated or saturated C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 fatty alcohol, a C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 fatty acid, a C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 fatty amine or a C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 fatty amide and (.beta.) ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide in the molar ratio 1:2 to 1:20, and, optionally, hydrolysing the anhydride groups of the homopolymer with an aqueous base.

Abstract: A process for pickling raw hides, which comprises treating a delimed raw hide with an aqueous liquor that comprises a reaction product of phenol and a sulfonating agent, the molar ratio of (phenol):(SO.sub.3) being (1):(1.1-2.2), and which is free from neutral salts. The raw hides obtainable by the novel process are suitable for further processing by all conventional tanning methods.

Abstract: A process for pickling and pretanning raw hides which comprises (I), pickling a raw hide in an aqueous liquor A which is devoid of salts and contains (a) a reaction product of phenol and a sulfonating agent, the molar ratio of (phenol):(SO.sub.3) being (1):(1.1-2.2), and (II), pretanning the pickled raw hide in the same bath by addition of an aqueous formulation B comprising (b) a reductive saccharide having a dextrose equivalent of 10 to 100, and (c) an aliphatic dialdehyde containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms. The combined one-bath pickling/pretanning process makes it possible to prepare, in treatment baths free from neutral salts and heavy metals, readily shaveable wet white leathers that are suitable for further processing by all conventional tanning methods.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions of synthetic tanning agents comprising(A) a lithium salt of a synthetic, anionic aromatic tanning agent or the anionic non-condensed precursor thereof, and, as optional components,(B) a water-soluble chromium, aluminum, iron or zirconium salt or a mixture thereof, and(C) an alkali metal salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or of a pyrophosphateare prepared by mixing an aqueous solution of component (A) and optional component (C) with component (B), which may also be in the form of an aqueous solution, and are used as tanning agents for tanning bides or for retanning leather of all kinds. The lithium salts used as component (A) are novel and can be used as stain blockers for polyamide fibres or for enhancing the wetfastness properties of dyeings on polyamide fibres.

Abstract: A composition for the treatment of leather and furs, containing (A) an anionic aromatic syntan and (B) a polymer and/or copolymer of an unsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 mono- or dicarboxylic acid and/or hydroxy compounds thereof, a process for the production of wet-white leather and furs and the use of the composition for the said production are described.

Abstract: Aqueous compositions derived from(A) a reaction product of a phenol and e.g. oleum in a molar ratio (phenol):(SO.sub.3) being (1):(1.1-2.2),(B) a water soluble, lower alkylamine or lower alkanolamine, a lower alkylenediamine, a poly-dialkylenepolyamine having 3 to 5 N-atoms or a heterocyclic amine,(C) a water soluble chromium, aluminium, iron or zirconium tanning salt or mixtures thereof and optionally,(D) an alkali metal salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or of a pyrophosphateare prepared by admixing an aqueous solution of component (A) and optionally (D) first with component (B) and subsequently with component (C) which may optionally be present in the form of an aqueous solution and are used as tanning agent for tanning pelts or retanning all types of leather.

Abstract: The invention relates to aqueous dyestuff formulations which contain at least one telomer of the formula I ##STR1## or a salt thereof, in addition to at least one anionic dispersant and optionally further ingredients. In formula I the symbols have the following meanings: X is hydrogen or ##STR2## Y is hydrogen, --SO.sub.4 H or ##STR3## each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently of the other is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by a carboxyl group or is carboxyl; and the sum of n+m is an integer from 2 to 350. These compositions have good storage stability and redispersibility and are particularly suitable for use in the continuous dyeing process.

Abstract: The invention relates to oligomers containing structural units of the formulae ##STR1## wherein X.sub.1 is --CN, --COOR.sub.1, --OOCR.sub.2 or --CONHR.sub.3, Y.sub.1 is --COOH or --COOM.sub.2, Y.sub.2 is --CONH.sub.2, --CH.sub.2 OH, --OCH.sub.3 or --OC.sub.2 H.sub.5, each of Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2 and Z.sub.3 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, each of M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 is an amine cation, an ammonium cation or an alkali metal cation, and each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -hydroxyalkyl or alkoxyalkyl containing altogether at most 8 carbon atoms, fatliquoring the treated leather and drying it, and, if appropriate, additionally dyeing said treated leather before or after it has been fatliquored.These oligomers are suitable for use as tanning agents in a process for retanning chrome-tanned leather.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for obtaining coating compositions of improved whiteness for coating paper or cardboard using fluorescent whitening agents of the bis-triazinylaminostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid series, which process comprises adding to the coating compositions, in addition to the respective fluorescent whitening agent, an acid phosphoric acid ester of an oxyalkylated fatty amine of the formula ##STR1## or an alkali metal salt, ammonium salt or amine salt thereof, wherein R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of 8 to 22 carbon atoms, Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 are both hydrogen, or one of Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 is hydrogen and the other is methyl, X is the acid radical of phosphoric acid, the acid hydrogen atoms of which radical can be replaced by alkali metal ions, ammonium ions or amine salt ions, and m and n are integers, the sum of which is 2 to 30. To the coating compositions can also be added organic solubilizers, non-ionic or anionic surfactants and/or polar organic compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to formulations which are stable to metal ions and contain a stilbene fluorescent whitening agent which is substituted by sulfo groups, and an acid phosphoric acid ester of an oxyalkylated fatty amine of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of 8 to 22 carbon atoms, Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 are preferably hydrogen, X is the acid radical of phosphoric acid and the sum of n+m is 2 to 30, preferably 4 to 20. The formulations can additionally contain various assistants such as non-ionic or anionic surfactants and/or organic solvents or polar compounds. The formulations are used for whitening natural and synthetic fabrics, e.g. made from polyamide, cellulose and blended fabrics, as well as paper.

Abstract: A novel assistant mixture containing at least (A) an acid ester, or a salt thereof, of a polyadduct of propylene oxide with a polyfunctional aliphatic amino or hydroxy compound which contains 2 to 9, and preferably 2 to 6, carbon atoms and has at least one amino or hydroxyl group capable of entering into an addition reaction; (B) an acid ester, or a salt thereof, of a polyadduct of an alkylene oxide with a phenol containing at least one alkyl, benzyl or phenyl group and (C) an aliphatic ester, containing at least 6 carbon atoms, of a mono- or di-carboxylic acid and which can be used in the fluorescent or optically brightening or preferably in the dyeing of polyester fibre materials in order to increase the rate of migration of fluorescent or optical brighteners or of disperse dyes.

Abstract: Sulphonated condensation products which are obtained, irrespective of sequence, by reaction of an aromatic compound that contains at least two replaceable hydrogen atoms in the nucleus with a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein X represents the direct bond or oxygen, Hal represents chlorine or bromine, and n is a number from 1 to 4, and sulphonation, and optionally by further condensation with formaldehyde or formaldehyde donors.The sulphonated condensation products are particularly effective as levelling agents and dispersants.

Abstract: A process for the dyeing of wool-containing fibre materials with anionic dyes, which process comprises dyeing these materials in the presence of an optionally etherified N-methylolurea compound which serves as a wool protective agent.