Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for obtaining a low-noise optical signal. According to the method, a luminous beam is injected through two apertures and after detection respectively a basic optical signal (21) and a corrective optical signal (22) are generated. Both optical signals obtained (21, 22) are subtracted, so that a resulting optical signal is generated, forming the low-noise optical signal. The apertures are preferably two slits of a spectroscope, the optical signals being expressible relative to the wavelength.

Abstract: This invention concerns a plasma source emission spectrometer to measure a sample comprising an excitation source (2) having a central axis (3) and producing a plasma, an extraction enclosure (4) receiving a beam composed of ions, atoms and electrons (5) derived from the plasma and comprising an optical lens (10) collecting luminous radiations emitted by the ion beam (5). According to the invention, the lens (10) is not exposed directly to the plasma. The invention also concerns a sighting device (100) comprising a metallic structure (13), substantially cylindrical having a first (15) and second (16) faces ranging respectively in a first (17) and second (18) planes. The first face (15) comprises an input aperture (20) for a beam (5) to be analysed and the second face (16) comprises an output aperture (28) for said beam (5). The first plane (17) forms an angle ? with the normal of the second plane (18).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for obtaining a low-noise optical signal.

Abstract: This invention concerns a plasma source emission spectrometer to measure a sample comprising an excitation source (2) having a central axis (3) and producing a plasma, an extraction enclosure (4) receiving a beam composed of ions, atoms and electrons (5) derived from the plasma and comprising an optical lens (10) collecting luminous radiations emitted by the ion beam (5). According to the invention, the lens (10) is not exposed directly to the plasma. The invention also concerns a sighting device (100) comprising a metallic structure (13), substantially cylindrical having a first (15) and second (16) faces ranging respectively in a first (17) and second (18) planes. The first face (15) comprises an input aperture (20) for a beam (5) to be analysed and the second face (16) comprises an output aperture (28) for said beam (5). The first plane (17) forms an angle &agr; with the normal of the second plane (18).

Abstract: Before the application of an external coating having a base of polyester or epoxy resin, or of a mixture of the two by spraying with an electrostatic spray gun, the parts to be coated are subjected to an initial zinc coating treatment by electrolytic process and a layer of an acrylic paint is applied to the zinc coating and polymerized to define a bonding sublayer between the metal and the external coating.

Abstract: A cart includes a frame mounted on castors, at least two castors being provided at a first end of the cart on respective opposite sides of a mean longitudinal axis of the cart. Each castor at this first end includes a device for locking the castor against pivoting acting unidirectionally to allow the castor to pivot freely in one direction by a sufficient amount and to prevent it from pivoting in the opposite direction. The two castors at the first end of the cart on opposite sides of the mean longitudinal axis of the cart have opposite locking directions.

Abstract: A luminous flux measuring device has a gain slaving circuit (10, 9), that receives an electrical output signal (m) produced by a photoreceiver (1) and includes a gain control circuit (9) and a comparator (10). The gain slaving circuit is connected to an A/D converter and a computer to record and evaluate the signal (m) and has a slave memory containing characteristic values (a,b) of a continuous function (f). The gain slaving circuit produces a slave signal (HT) according to the flux received (.PHI.) by the photoreceiver which signal is sent to the gain control circuit so that G=f(m).

Abstract: The consignment device comprises a box (1) with two slots (2, 3) capable of receiving corresponding keys. The box is shaped to receive a key fitted with a receiver for a consignment coin so that the insertion of a second key unlocks a first coin-bearing key locked into a first slot, leaving the second key locked into position in a second slot. This device comprises at least one key catch (14, 15) translatable substantially perpendicular to direction of insertion of the key (27a, 27b), and at least one elements (5, 11) for locking the catch (14, 15) translatable substantially parallel to the direction of insertion of the key (27a, 27b).

Abstract: A rack for supporting bulky objects is capable of sliding between an inclined position of withdrawal beneath the carrier basket of a shopping trolley and a horizontal position of use at the rear of the basket. Two sloping parallel wires superposed in the same vertical plane and having a smaller spacing at the front than at the rear form lateral guides for the rack and front support struts of the bottom frame. The movable rack has a flat, U-shaped structure of resilient wires so that its front portion is capable of elastic deformation in the transverse direction. At each front corner, the rack has a hook-shaped element slidably engaged in the corresponding lateral guide. The rear end of the rack is slidably mounted on a cross-member for supporting the rack in its position of rearward extension.

Abstract: A gas-fired heating device suitable for burning animal horns comprises a burner body and an external casing which is part of the burner body. A heating tip is heated by a flame in the burner body and the external casing is arranged and adapted to prevent flames escaping from the burner body and foreign bodies entering the burner body. The device is held by means of a handle which may be adapted to accommodate a replaceable gas storage reservoir.

Abstract: A trolley for transporting various products has two lateral walls each constituted by a grid formed by intercrossed wires, the lower ends of the lateral walls being fixed on two opposite sides of a horizontal platform mounted on casters. The two lateral walls are given the shape of an inverted L and the edges of their horizontal top wings are juxtaposed and rigidly assembled together by means of bolts, for example. In addition, the feet of the uprights of the two lateral walls are rigidly fixed within vertical sleeves provided at the four corners of the bottom platform of the trolley. Thus the lateral walls form with the platform a very rigid cage which is capable of withstanding repeated shocks without being damaged.

Abstract: A shopping trolley is provided at the top with a horizontal carrier trolley pivotally mounted on its frame in such a manner as to permit withdrawal to a vertical position at the rear end of the trolley by means of two lateral guides. Trunnions which are carried by the sides of the pivoting basket and which define its horizontal axis of pivotal displacement are engaged within the guides. These guides are inclined in such a manner as to ensure that their lower ends are placed further forward than their upper ends so that in the vertical position of withdrawal, the pivoting basket is placed between the two lateral uprights of the handle-bar frame without projecting behind this frame. In addition, the trolley basket is closed at the rear end by a flap which is freely mounted for pivotal displacement at its top edge. Trolleys of this type can be interengaged in readiness for use when their carrier baskets are placed either in a horizontal position or in a withdrawn position.