Abstract: A set of heat pipes for solar collectors is provided. The set includes a plurality of heat pipes, each heat pipe being suitable for being laid out in a respective solar collector, and including a heat pipe fluid, a first sheet and a second sheet locally merged with each other and delimiting a reservoir. The reservoir containing the heat pipe fluid extends over a hot part for evaporating the heat pipe fluid and a cold part for condensing the heat pipe fluid, and is formed by an interstice between the two sheets. The reservoirs of at least two heat pipes are delimited by a same first sheet and a same second sheet.

Abstract: A solar collector (26) includes: an outer tube (64) of circular cross-section, closed at one of its ends, an absorption layer (52) arranged inside the outer tube (64), for absorbing solar radiation (Rs), and a heat pipe (56) including a hot part (58) laid out inside the outer tube (64), a cold part (60) arranged outside the outer tube (64), and a reservoir (62) containing a heat pipe fluid (63) and extending over the hot part (58) and the cold part (60). The outer tube (64) is hermetically closed around the heat pipe (56) at the other of its ends, a vacuum being formed inside said outer tube (64). For the hot part (58) of the heat pipe (56), the reservoir (62) is applied at least locally against the absorption layer (52).

Abstract: A radiator for domestic heating with a heat-transfer fluid operating in two-phase form includes a reservoir of the heat-transfer fluid; a hot source, intended to raise the temperature of the heat-transfer fluid to a temperature such that it causes said fluid to undergo a change of phase; and a heater, at which the heat transfer with ambient air takes place, having n channels, communicating in a lower zone with the reservoir, it being possible for n to be equal to 1. The heat-transfer fluid is a mixture of at least two different heat-transfer liquids, the heat-transfer liquids having between them boiling points differing by at least ten degrees Celsius, and the liquid with the lowest boiling point representing 70% to 95% of the volume of the mixture for a mixture temperature of about 20° C.

Abstract: A solar collector (26) includes: an outer tube (64) of circular cross-section, closed at one of its ends, an absorption layer (52) arranged inside the outer tube (64), for absorbing solar radiation (Rs), and a heat pipe (56) including a hot part (58) laid out inside the outer tube (64), a cold part (60) arranged outside the outer tube (64), and a reservoir (62) containing a heat pipe fluid (63) and extending over the hot part (58) and the cold part (60). The outer tube (64) is hermetically closed around the heat pipe (56) at the other of its ends, a vacuum being formed inside said outer tube (64). For the hot part (58) of the heat pipe (56), the reservoir (62) is applied at least locally against the absorption layer (52).

Abstract: A set of heat pipes for solar collectors includes a plurality of heat pipes (54), each heat pipe (54) being suitable for being laid out in a respective solar collector, and including a heat pipe fluid (58), a first sheet and a second sheet (62) locally merged with each other and delimiting a reservoir (64). The reservoir (64) containing the heat pipe fluid (58) extends over a hot part (66) for evaporating the heat pipe fluid (58) and a cold part (68) for condensing the heat pipe fluid (58), and is formed by an interstice between the two sheets (62). The reservoirs (64) of at least two heat pipes (54) are delimited by a same first sheet and a same second sheet (62).

Abstract: A radiator for domestic heating with a heat-transfer fluid operating in two-phase form includes a reservoir of the heat-transfer fluid; a hot source, intended to raise the temperature of the heat-transfer fluid to a temperature such that it causes said fluid to undergo a change of phase; and a heater, at which the heat transfer with ambient air takes place, having n channels, communicating in a lower zone with the reservoir, it being possible for n to be equal to 1. The heat-transfer fluid is a mixture of at least two different heat-transfer liquids, the heat-transfer liquids having between them boiling points differing by at least ten degrees Celsius, and the liquid with the lowest boiling point representing 70% to 95% of the volume of the mixture for a mixture temperature of about 20° C.

Abstract: A home heating radiator using a heat transfer fluid operating in phase change form, includes a reservoir of heat transfer fluid, and electric resistance heat source, for raising the temperature of the heat transfer fluid to a temperature such as to cause a phase change of the fluid, and a heating body where heat transfer takes place with the ambient air, the heating body including a number, n, of channels, communicating in the lowermost part of the reservoir, where n may be equal to 1.

Abstract: Method of producing a wall, in particular a micro heat exchanger for semiconductor devices or microsystems, and micro heat exchanger, in which particles are embedded in a layer, some of which have a part anchored into a wall of said layer and a part projecting from this wall after removal of material.

Abstract: This home heating radiator using a heat transfer fluid operating in phase change form, comprises: a reservoir (3) of said heat transfer fluid; a heat source (6), consisting of an electric resistance, for raising the temperature of said heat transfer fluid to a temperature such as to cause a phase change of said fluid; a heating body where heat transfer takes place with the ambient air, comprising a number n of channels (4), communicating in the lowermost part of the reservoir (3), where n may be equal to 1.

Abstract: The laser apparatus (L, G, T) is placed on a stand (B) which carries the support for the working head (T) of the apparatus in rotary manner, and the apparatus together with its stand are housed in a container (C) through which the tube passes, which container is fixed to the tube while work is taking place, the mass of the container together with that of its contents considerably damping the transmission of stresses from the tube to the working head.

Abstract: Disclosed is a time-accounting system with optimized management. It can be applied, in particular, to accounting for paid or regulated parking times. The aim is to provide a system that enables a protected replacement of card, a management of fractions of parking units and a management of the change returned by the system, for uses in one of more local authority areas. The disclosed system is of the type comprising a memory card, a box for the reception of the card comprising a memory, wherein the storage capacity of the management memory of the box is limited to a maximum number of pre-determined parking units, and wherein transfer means provide for the transfer of the balance of parking units contained in the card towards the management memory of the box when the arithmetical total of the number of added-up units of the card balance and of the current content of the management memory of the box is smaller than or equal to the capacity of the management memory.

Abstract: A device that can be used to check the authenticity of time-accounting systems and devices, and notably of time-accounting devices for reckoning periods of parking regulated by rules. The system is constituted by a plurality of boxes, each held by a distinct user, each box comprising computation means that determine at least two secret codes, the changing from one secret code to another being done substantially at one and the same instant for all of boxes and secret codes being identical for all of boxes substantially at the same instant to enable a checker to ascertain the authenticity of boxes, code-changing instant resulting from a secret computation.

Abstract: A snooper device that can be used to memorize data elements relating to the most recent instances of parking, notably for proof in the event of disputes, in time-accounting devices, and notably time-accounting devices for reckoning periods of parking regulated by rules. This snooper device comprises first means to memorize operation checking data elements in which there are written, at each fresh use of the time-accounting system, data elements corresponding to the time and to the date of commencement of at least each instance of parking and data elements corresponding to the time and to the date of the end of this instance of parking.