Abstract: A method performed by a WTRU may comprise receiving context information from infrastructure equipment and selecting a SLAP quadrant for MAC address allocation. The selecting may be based on the context information received from the infrastructure equipment, which may be a bootstrapping server for the WTRU. The method may further comprise transmitting, to a DHCP server, a DHCP message indicating the selected SLAP quadrant. In response to the transmitted DHCP message, a MAC address may be received and configured to the WTRU. Context information includes, but is not limited to, a number of nodes in a network, a type of network deployment, a type of network, a mobility configuration, a type of device management, a battery lifetime, a location or privacy configuration.

Abstract: Some embodiments of a method may include: obtaining input data comprising a user equipment location, a number of user equipments, and a desired receive signal strength; processing the input data with a neural network having weights determined from a training phase to generate a set of one or more beam-pair indices; performing a beam search over at least a subset of the set of beam-pair indices; and receiving at least one beam-pair index from a vehicle that provides a desired received signal strength.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described for a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), comprising a memory, and a processor to execute instructions from the memory, wherein the processor is configured to access a non-3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Access Network (AN), establish a link with a Non-3GPP Interworking Function (N3IWF) via the non-3GPP AN, request information from the N3IWF about network slicing capabilities of a 3GPP Radio Access Network (RAN), receive information from the N3IWF about network slicing capabilities of the 3GPP RAN, and determine whether to register with the 3GPP RAN based upon the network slicing capabilities of the 3GPP RAN. Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described for sending information about network slicing capabilities of a 3GPP RAN to a N3IWF, establishing a link between a WTRU operating on a non-3GPP AN and the N3IWF via the non-3GPP AN, and sending information from the N3IWF to the WTRU about network slicing capabilities of the 3GPP RAN.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, systems, etc., directed to a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) for integrating a constrained MEC host in a MEC system are disclosed herein. In an embodiment, the WTRU may obtain information indicating at least one multi-access edge computing (MEC) resource available for integration by a MEC system, wherein the MEC system supports a plurality of types of MEC resources available for integration, and wherein the at least one MEC resource is a subset of the plurality of types of MEC resources supported by the MEC system; may transmit to the MEC system, information indicating at least one MEC resource, to be integrated by the MEC system, from the at least one MEC resource available for integration by the MEC system; and may receive from the MEC system, information indicating an integration by the MEC system of the at least one indicated MEC resource.

Abstract: Method and apparatuses for low-latency transmission of sensor data are described herein. A method may comprise receiving, from one or more data producers, sensor data, where the sensor data from each of the one or more data producers is identified with a respective Unique Data Identifier (UDI) and a corresponding Quality of Service (QOS) Flow Identifier (QFI). The method may include creating an association between the respective UDI and the corresponding for the sensor data received from each of the one or more data producers based on a received mapping configuration or in-band signaling, and transmitting the sensor data from each of the one or more data producers to a second WTRU according to the created association between the respective UDI and corresponding QFI.

Abstract: Provided are a data structure including a header area, and a payload area comprising data, a method of generating the data structure, and extracting information from the data structure. At least one of the header area and the payload area includes at least one sub-area in which one or more signal fields are included. At least one signal field among the signal fields includes information for signalling presence or absence of one or more information fields located at least partly in the data structure, the one or more information fields corresponding to the one or more signal fields.

Abstract: Some embodiments of a method may include: obtaining input data comprising a user equipment location, a number of user equipments, and a desired receive signal strength; processing the input data with a neural network having weights determined from a training phase to generate a set of one or more beam-pair indices; performing a beam search over at least a subset of the set of beam-pair indices; and receiving at least one beam-pair index from a vehicle that provides a desired received signal strength.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products for managing net-work reselection for a high number of users. A Wireless Transmit/Receive Unit, WTRU, generates a registration request indicating that the WTRU has been temporarily connected to a hosting network and that the WTRU requests re-registration to a home network of the WTRU, sends the registration request intended for the home network, receives from the home network a hosting network-specific congestion-related registration reject message including a hosting network specific back-off time value, waits for time corresponding to the back-off time value has elapsed, and sends a further registration request to the home network. The back-off time value is determined by the home network from a number of WRTUs susceptible to attempt re-registration and a capacity of the home network to handle simultaneous registration requests.

Abstract: Method and apparatuses for low-latency transmission of sensor data and wireless modem data are described herein. A method may comprise associating, by a Wireless Transmit/Receive Unit (WTRU), a first Unique Data Identifier (UDI) with the sensor data and a second UDI with the wireless modem data. The method may further comprise generating, by the WTRU, a mapping between the first UDI and a first network Quality of Service (QoS) Flow Identifiers (QFIs) and a mapping between the second UDI and a second network QFI. The method may further comprise transmitting, by the WTRU, the sensor data and the wireless modem data to a network node.

Abstract: A method implemented in a Wireless Transmit/Receive Unit, WTRU, for selecting a local network for the WTRU to join includes storing steering of roaming, SoR, information for a plurality of local service hosting networks, wherein the SoR information includes an indication of a priority order in a list of network identifiers, switching to an access mode for network searching, searching for a local service hosting network to join from among the plurality of local service hosting networks, and selecting a local service hosting network to join based on the indication of the priority order in the list of network identifiers. The method may further include updating the SoR information during any one or more of a periodic procedure or a mobility registration procedure.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and procedures for enhancements to data forwarding for dual active protocol stack handover in wireless communications are disclosed. In an example, a method implemented by a wireless transmit/receive unit for wireless communications includes determining a first point and a second point for time prediction, and a data forwarding window is defined by the first point and the second point. The method also includes sending, to a network entity, a measurement report including the first point and the second point, and receiving a feedback message including information indicating at least one of a third point or a fourth point for time prediction. At least one of the third point or the fourth point is generated based on the data forwarding window.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products directed to adaptive reference signal configuration are described. A method for adapting a reference signal configuration may be implemented in a WTRU. For example, the WTRU may receive a transmission e.g., from a base station according to one or more first reference signal configurations. For example, a channel estimation measurement may be performed for the received transmission based on the indicated one or more first reference signal configurations. For example, one or more second reference signal configurations (e.g., to be used for a subsequent transmission) may be selected from a plurality of reference signal configurations based on the channel estimation measurement. For example, an indication of the selected one or more second reference signal configuration may be transmitted (e.g., to the base station).

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products are disclosed that may be implemented in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) for enhancing conditional reconfiguration procedures. In one representative embodiment, the WTRU may receive information associated with a conditional reconfiguration, and the information may respectively indicate a measurement resolution and/or a measurement period for at least one measurement report quantity associated with a conditional reconfiguration. After receiving the information, the WTRU may perform, over the measurement period, measurements on the at least one measurement report quantity according the measurement resolution. On condition the conditional reconfiguration is triggered, the WTRU may perform a random access procedure. After the random access procedure, the WTRU may send a measurement report for the random access procedure to a base station.

Abstract: Described herein are systems, methods, and instrumentalities associated with enabling a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) to participate in multi-access edge computing (MEG) services. The WTRU may be a constrained WTRU, for example, in terms of computation, storage, and/or networking resources available to the WTRU. A function may be implemented on the WTRU to expose an interface to an MEG application on the WTRU, through which the MEG application may register with a network device such as an MEO host located at the edge of a mobile communication network and join an MEO service provided by the MEG host. A transport may be established between the WTRU and the MEG host to facilitate provision of the MEG service, and the transport may be modified and/or deleted, for example, based on mobility events at the WTRU and/or load conditions of the WTRU.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products are disclosed for Multi-access Edge Computing, MEC, applications on Wireless Transmit-Receive Units, WTRUs. WTRUs hosting constrained, or limited capability, MEC resources according to embodiments, may advertise MEC capabilities to other WTRUs or to a full MEC system. WTRUs may request instantiation, deletion of MEC applications instantiated for their benefit on other WTRUs hosting constrained MEC resources, or may request migration of a MEC application from one WTRU to another WTRU, for example to ensure Quality of Service, QoS, requirements for the MEC application.

Abstract: A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) may include a multi-directional and fully connected load impedance network may be provided. The RIS may include a plurality of elements that are each configured to receive and/or transmit signals. Each element of the RIS may be connected to each of the other elements of the RIS via a multi-directional and fully connected load impedance network. The RIS may receive feedback that comprises channel quality information for a channel between the RIS and another device. The RIS may determine routing information for the RIS based on the feedback. The routing information may comprise a mapping of ingress signals to egress signals. A first signal may be received via an ingress element. The RIS may route and phase shift the first signal to an egress element based on the determined routing information. The RIS may transmit the phase shifted first signal via the second element.

Abstract: A method implemented in a Wireless Transmit/Receive Unit, WTRU, for selecting a local network for the WTRU to join includes storing steering of roaming, SoR, information for a plurality of local service hosting networks, wherein the SoR information includes an indication of a priority order in a list of network identifiers, switching to an access mode for network searching, searching for a local service hosting network to join from among the plurality of local service hosting networks, and selecting a local service hosting network to join based on the indication of the priority order in the list of network identifiers. The method may further include updating the SoR information during any one or more of a periodic procedure or a mobility registration procedure.

Abstract: A method performed by a WTRU may comprise receiving context information from infrastructure equipment and selecting a SLAP quadrant for MAC address allocation. The selecting may be based on the context information received from the infrastructure equipment, which may be a bootstrapping server for the WTRU. The method may further comprise transmitting, to a DHCP server, a DHCP message indicating the selected SLAP quadrant. In response to the transmitted DHCP message, a MAC address may be received and configured to the WTRU. Context information includes, but is not limited to, a number of nodes in a network, a type of network deployment, a type of network, a mobility configuration, a type of device management, a battery lifetime, a location or privacy configuration.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products for maintaining service continuity in 5G telecommunication networks for wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) when the WTRUs switch between various connectivity scenarios, e.g., switching from direct connectivity between two WTRUs to connectivity between the two WTRUs via a gateway, are described.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described for a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), comprising a memory, and a processor to execute instructions from the memory, wherein the processor is configured to access a non-3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Access Network (AN), establish a link with a Non-3GPP Interworking Function (N3IWF) via the non-3GPP AN, request information from the N3IWF about network slicing capabilities of a 3GPP Radio Access Network (RAN), receive information from the N3IWF about network slicing capabilities of the 3GPP RAN, and determine whether to register with the 3GPP RAN based upon the network slicing capabilities of the 3GPP RAN. Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described for sending information about network slicing capabilities of a 3GPP RAN to a N3IWF, establishing a link between a WTRU operating on a non-3GPP AN and the N3IWF via the non-3GPP AN, and sending information from the N3IWF to the WTRU about network slicing capabilities of the 3GPP RAN.