Abstract: An application includes a runtime environment that is operable on a portable binary-code format. The application references a lens file that defines a binary lens compiled to the portable binary-code format from an arbitrary programming language. The lens file further defines parameters passable to the binary lens as arguments. The binary lens is executable with the application on data of a first schema to transform the data to a second schema. The lens file may compose binary lenses defined in lens modules. Lens modules and lens files may be distributed through a repository.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for fileless information management are provided. A system includes a content-management server in communication with at least one client device via a computer network. The client device has a client user interface to concurrently display a content-editing area and a content card-management area. The content-management server stores content data and content card template metadata shareable between client devices. The content-management server stores programming instructions for a content card-management program for receiving, storing, and transmitting content data via content card templates. A content card template may include metadata associating content data stored in the memory with a content binding in the content-editing area of a client device.

Abstract: A method for sharing content comprising: at a data store: storing media; storing interaction data for a first user, wherein the interaction data indicates interactions of the first user with the media in relation to augmentation of the media at a first device; and in response to a request from a second device, sending the stored media and interaction data for the first user to the second device so as to enable the second device to playback the interactions of the first user with the media.

Abstract: Preauthorized payments may be made to service providers, repair shops, and even vendors serving employees on business trips through credit card processing. The approved payment amount is authorized on a virtually created payment card, which is then sent to the payee. These transactions incur interchange fees for the card processing. Therefore, unlike a check or EFT payment, the payee receives the approved payment less interchange fees. Interchange rates vary based on the payment card product offered by an issuing bank in addition to factors relating to how the payment card is processed. The current invention is a method of automatically generating a virtual payment card and/or processing the card in a manner to achieve a target interchange fee.

Abstract: Preauthorized payments may be made to service providers, repair shops and even vendors serving employees on business trips through credit card processing. The approved payment amount is authorized on a virtually created payment card which is then sent to the payee. These transactions incur interchange fees for the card processing. Therefore, unlike a check or EFT payment, the payee receives the approved payment less interchange fees. Interchange rates vary based on the payment card product offered by an issuing bank in addition to factors relating to how the payment card is processed. The current invention is a method of automatically generating a virtual payment card and/or processing the card in a manner to achieve a target interchange fee.

Abstract: Preauthorized payments may be made to service providers, repair shops and even vendors serving employees on business trips through credit card processing. The approved payment amount is authorized on a virtually created payment card which is then sent to the payee. These transactions incur interchange fees for the card processing. Therefore, unlike a check or EFT payment, the payee receives the approved payment less interchange fees. Interchange rates vary based on the payment card product offered by an issuing bank in addition to factors relating to how the payment card is processed. The current invention is a method of automatically generating a virtual payment card and/or processing the card in a manner to achieve a target interchange fee.

Abstract: An electrochemical sensing method that includes (a) providing an electrochemical cell having a working electrode and a pseudo reference electrode; (b) providing a sample comprising a metal, the sample being in contact with the working electrode and the metal being capable of being oxidized or reduced at the working electrode when the metal is bound to the working electrode; (c) preconditioning the working electrode by (i) applying a time varying preconditioning potential between the working and pseudo reference electrodes; and/or (ii) baking the working electrode; and/or (iii) air-ageing the working electrode; and (d) applying a measuring potential between the working and pseudo reference electrodes and, during application of said measuring potential, measuring the current generated by oxidation/reduction of the metal at the working electrode.

Abstract: A method to produce high density microalgae having high lipid concentration in mass culture including the steps of inoculating a vessel with microalgae at mid-log phase to a depth greater than 25 cm. Then culturing the microalgae to a preselected target density threshold, bringing the microalgae to stationary phase, manipulating growth parameters to maximize lipid concentration and harvesting the vessel.

Abstract: A device for circulating a liquid media in a vessel includes a gas infusion tube having a leading end immersed in the liquid media and a trailing end in fluid communication with a remote air pump. A diffuser is secured to the leading end of the gas infusion tube. The lumen of an outer tube receives the gas infusion tube and the diffuser. The outer tube has a leading end disposed in spaced relation to a bottom wall of the vessel and has a trailing end substantially flush with a level of the liquid media. A plurality of circumferentially spaced openings are formed in the trailing end of the outer tube or in a cap secured to the trailing end. Bubbles are emitted from the diffuser, entraining the liquid media so that it follows a toroidal path of travel that maximizes cell growth.

Abstract: A method and device for the quantitative determination of an ion in a fluid which comprises subjecting the fluid to voltammetry using a sensing electrode which comprises an electrically conducting support having a surface which is coated with a support matrix, the support matrix containing an electroactive species capable of being oxidised or reduced to form a charged species, and an ionophore.

Abstract: An electrochemical sensing method comprising: (a) providing an electrochemical cell having a working electrode and a pseudo reference electrode; (b) providing a sample comprising a metal, the sample being in contact with the working electrode and the metal being capable of being oxidised or reduced at the working electrode when the metal is bound to the working electrode; (c) preconditioning the working electrode by (i) applying a time varying preconditioning potential between the working and pseudo reference electrodes; and/or (ii) baking the working electrode; and/or (iii) air-ageing the working electrode; and (d) applying a measuring potential between the working and pseudo reference electrodes and, during application of said measuring potential, measuring the current generated by oxidation/reduction of the metal at the working electrode.

Abstract: A packaging system for a high current, low voltage power supply. The power supply uses bare die power FETs which are directly mounted to a thermally conductive substrate by a solder attachment made to the drain electrode metallization on the back side of the FETs. The source electrode and gate electrode of each FET are coupled to the circuitry on an overhanging printed circuit board, using CSP solder balls affixed to the front side of the FET die. The heat generated by the FETs is effectively dissipated by the close coupling of the FETs to the thermally conductive underlying substrate. High interconnect densities are achieved through the use of a multilayer printed circuit board. This high interconnect density, with the addition of a magnetic core element, allows the power supply packaging system to incorporate transformer windings for an isolation transformer or an inductor.

Abstract: The invention provides arrangements to facilitate surface mounting of subassembly boards on a motherboard with reliable, high conductivity interconnection. In accordance with the invention, the subassembly interconnection arrangement is composed of separate power and sense connector arms formed on one or more base headers. The arrangement interconnects and supports the subassembly board on the motherboard surface. Each power arm advantageously comprises a plurality of split-based mounting lugs secured to the arm in a coplanar configuration. Each sense connector arm preferably comprises a plurality of connector pins secured to the arm in a coplanar configuration. Embodiments are disclosed for vertical and horizontal surface mounting.

Abstract: A mounting structure for a semiconductor die that reduces die attach strain within the die attach material without sacrificing the electrical and thermal characteristics of the package. In one embodiment, the mounting structure comprises a die attach metallization layer, a solder mask, and a layer of die attach material. The solder mask forms a solder pattern over the top surface of the die attach metallization layer. The solder pattern covers a portion of the die attach metallization layer to create multiple exposed areas of the die attach metallization layer. Each exposed area is separated by the solder mask and is located under the semiconductor die when the semiconductor die is secured to the mounting structure. A layer of die attach material covers the solder pattern and fills in each one of the exposed areas to form a semiconductor die mounting surface. In another embodiment, the die attach metallization layer is divided into multiple, spaced-apart die attach pads that are electrically coupled together.

Abstract: A method for the quantitative determination of an ion in a fluid is described which comprises subjecting the fluid to voltammetry using an electrode which comprises an electrically conducting support possessing a coating of a solid capable of selecting ions when electrochemically induced during operation.

Abstract: A mounting structure for a semiconductor die that reduces die attach strain within the die attach material without sacrificing the electrical and thermal characteristics of the package. In one embodiment, the mounting structure comprises a die attach metallization layer, a solder mask, and a layer of die attach material. The solder mask forms a solder pattern over the top surface of the die attach metallization layer. The solder pattern covers a portion of the die attach metallization layer to create multiple exposed areas of the die attach metallization layer. Each exposed area is separated by the solder mask and is located under the semiconductor die when the semiconductor die is secured to the mounting structure. A layer of die attach material covers the solder pattern and fills in each one of the exposed areas to form a semiconductor die mounting surface. In another embodiment, the die attach metallization layer is divided into multiple, spaced-apart die attach pads that are electrically coupled together.

Abstract: A decision making system is described whereby a method of performing a detailed level evaluation of one or more products or articles based on a decision makers response to one or more questions relating to the decision makers requirements is described. The method includes the decision maker responding to the question relating to the decision makers functional requirement or requirements talking into account a predefined result type. The response is compared with a product result where the product result reflects a particular functional capability of the article or product in relation to the particular question. This produces an evaluation ratio or series of evaluation ratios which are statistically analysed to determine how well the product or article meets the decision makers requirements.

Abstract: A portable toilet for attachment to a vehicle trailer hitch comprises a toilet seat pivotally attached to a frame. The toilet includes extendable legs for supporting the front portion of the toilet seat and frame under the weight of a user. The legs are pivotally attached to the frame and thus can be rotated to a position adjacent and parallel to side arms of the frame when not in use or for transport and storage. The camping toilet further includes a waste collection assembly having a waste bag removable attached thereto, the assembly being slidably positioned beneath the toilet seat. A mounting assembly includes a bar which secures the toilet within a selected pair of the plurality of inclined slots presented by a mounting bracket. Accordingly, the height of the toilet above the ground is regulated. The mounting bracket is fixedly attached to a draw bar for mounting the overall camping toilet to a box hitch or ball hitch of a vehicle.

Abstract: A decision making system is described whereby a method of performing a detailed level evaluation of one or more products or articles based on a decision makers response to one or more questions relating to the decision makers requirements is described. The method includes the decision maker responding to the question relating to the decision makers functional requirement or requirements taking into account a predefined result type. The response is compared with a product result where the product result reflects a particular functional capability of the article or product in relation to the particular question. This produces an evaluation ratio or series of evaluation ratios which are statistically analyzed to determine how well the product or article meets the decision makers requirements.