Abstract: An impermeable sintered ceramic electrolyte layer of a solid oxide fuel cell is formed by depositing ceramic powder on a substrate using electrophoretic deposition, isostatically pressing that deposited ceramic layer and then heating the compressed ceramic powder layer at temperatures below 1000° C. In preferred embodiments the ceramic thick film fuel cell assembly is formed upon a ferritic stainless steel substrate.

Abstract: A sealing-enhancing coating for a gasket or a portion of a gasket comprises flaky particles of chemically exfoliated vermiculite, at least 90% by weight of said particles having a thickness of no more than 30 microns, and no dimension greater than 1 mm. The particles form 10 to 90 wt. % of the coating. The coating also comprises 50 to 10 wt. % of an organic polymer binder which when formed into a film 1 mm or less in thickness and heated to 300° C. in free air for 24 hours either does not decompose or decomposes leaving a residue of at least 20% by weight of film.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell, comprising: a ferritic stainless steel substrate including a porous region and a non-porous region bounding the porous region; a ferritic stainless steel bi-polar plate located under one surface of the porous region of the substrate and being sealingly attached to the non-porous region of the substrate about the porous region thereof, a first electrode layer located over the other surface of the porous region of the substrate; an electrolyte layer located over the first electrode layer; and a second electrode layer located over the electrolyte layers.

Abstract: An impermeable sintered ceramic electrolyte layer of a solid oxide fuel cell is formed by depositing ceramic powder on a substrate using electrophoretic deposition, isostatically pressing that deposited ceramic layer and then heating the compressed ceramic powder layer at temperatures below 1000° C. In preferred embodiments the ceramic thick film fuel cell assembly is formed upon a ferritic stainless steel substrate.

Abstract: A solid oxide fuel cell, comprising: a ferritic stainless steel substrate including a porous region and a non-porous region bounding the porous region; a ferritic stainless steel bi-polar plate located under one surface of the porous region of the substrate and being sealingly attached to the non-porous region of the substrate about the porous region thereof; a first electrode layer located over the other surface of the porous region of the substrate; an electrolyte layer located over the first electrode layer; and a second electrode layer located over the electrolyte layer.

Abstract: HOBr solution for biocidal treatment is produced by electrolysis of mixed chloride/bromide solution. The chloride: bromide molar ratio is greater than 4:1. The molar ratio and rate and period of electrolysis can be selected so as to result in high yield of HOBr, preferably over 90% of theory, and little or no residual HOCl. The process can suitably be carried out by recirculating the mixed halide electrolyte through an electrolytic cell for a time appropriate to achieve the desired result, and then discharging the solution to a receiving system.

Abstract: Graphite gaskets with an improved release characteristic are treated with a finely powdered release agent such a graphite powder which is then pressed into the gasket surface.

Abstract: A moulding composition comprising particles of gas-exfoliated vermiculite (a category which includes thermally exfoliated vermiculite) contains as binder very fine particles (diameter below 50 .mu.m) of vermiculite from which interstitial magnesium ions have been at least partially removed and which has been swollen in water.The composition is particularly suitable for the manufacture of articles required to function in air at temperatures above 250.degree. C., such as gaskets for the exhaust systems of internal combustion engines.