Abstract: A plurality of particles include a first material. A coating including a second material is formed on surfaces of the particles, until a selected ratio of the volume of the coating relative to the volume of the particles is achieved. A plurality of particles, including the coated particles, are consolidated in a manner such that the particles are caused to be joined to each other, to form an article. The ratio of the volume of the coating relative to the volume of the particles is selected in a manner such that the article is engineered to have a selected volume fraction representing the volume of the second material in the article relative to the volume of the first material in the article. The first material, the second material, and the volume fraction are selected in a manner such that the article is engineered to exhibit a selected intrinsic property.

Abstract: A plurality of particles include a first material. A coating including a second material is formed on surfaces of the particles, until a selected ratio of the volume of the coating relative to the volume of the particles is achieved. A plurality of particles, including the coated particles, are consolidated in a manner such that the particles are caused to be joined to each other, to form an article. The ratio of the volume of the coating relative to the volume of the particles is selected in a manner such that the article is engineered to have a selected volume fraction representing the volume of the second material in the article relative to the volume of the first material in the article. The first material, the second material, and the volume fraction are selected in a manner such that the article is engineered to exhibit a selected intrinsic property.

Abstract: A two-phase cooling system for a portable computer, the system consisting of an evaporator and a condenser that are both included in either the lid or the base of the computer. The two-phase cooling system is positioned proximate to the computer's heat-producing circuitry, such that the system draws liquid coolant past the circuitry and heat is transferred from the circuitry to the coolant. A fan may also be included, to assist in heat rejection from the cooling system. In a preferred embodiment, the cooling system consists of a flattened heat pipe, with a first side operating as the evaporator and a second side operating as the condenser.

Abstract: A plurality of particles include a first material. A coating including a second material is formed on surfaces of the particles, until a selected ratio of the volume of the coating relative to the volume of the particles is achieved. A plurality of particles, including the coated particles, are consolidated in a manner such that the particles are caused to be joined to each other, to form an article. The ratio of the volume of the coating relative to the volume of the particles is selected in a manner such that the article is engineered to have a selected volume fraction representing the volume of the second material in the article relative to the volume of the first material in the article. The first material, the second material, and the volume fraction are selected in a manner such that the article is engineered to exhibit a selected intrinsic property.

Abstract: A plurality of particles include a first material. A coating including a second material is formed on surfaces of the particles, until a selected ratio of the volume of the coating relative to the volume of the particles is achieved. A plurality of particles, including the coated particles, are consolidated in a manner such that the particles are caused to be joined to each other, to form an article. The ratio of the volume of the coating relative to the volume of the particles is selected in a manner such that the article is engineered to have a selected volume fraction representing the volume of the second material in the article relative to the volume of the first material in the article. The first material, the second material, and the volume fraction are selected in a manner such that the article is engineered to exhibit a selected intrinsic property.

Abstract: Particles including a first material and having a first value of an intrinsic property such as thermal conductivity or coefficient of thermal expansion are coated, by a method such as electroless plating, electrolytic plating, sputtering, or spraying, with a second material having a second value of the intrinsic property in approximately the ratio of volume of coating to volume of each of the particles which makes the value of the intrinsic property of each of the coated particles equal to a desired value. The first and second materials can be metal or non-metal. A plurality of particles, including the coated particles, can be consolidated to form an article, or the particles and a matrix material can be co-deposited on a surface as a coating by a method such as electrolytic plating.

Abstract: A two-phase cooling system for a portable computer which in one embodiment consists of an evaporator which is positioned within the base of the computer and a condenser which is positioned within or attached to the lid of the computer. The evaporator and the condenser are connected by flexible tubing. The tubing may run externally from the lid to the base or it may extend through one or more of the hinges that connect the base and the lid. In an alternative embodiment, both the evaporator and the condenser of the two-phase system are incorporated into either the base or the lid of the computer.