Abstract: Integrated modeling and symbolic manipulation is leveraged for the derivation, construction, maintenance, and reuse of application-independent models. Related models created for different applications share a common ancestry and maintain model consistency while enabling the models to share information about the process. Environment independent proper ancestor models (PAMs) are created for generic components of a process, such as a distillation or flash column. Models underlying an application may be comprised of various representations of multiple such processes corresponding to many different physical components. PAMs contain symbolic representations of different sub processes that occur within a process or component. A user makes assumptions about the component, by indicating how sub processes are to be considered or not considered. PAMs are then modified in accordance with the assumptions to derive a specific environment model (SEM).

Abstract: A contact arrangement, for enabling an electrical connection to be made between first and second electrodes, in which the first electrode is moveable in a direction along or parallel to an axis into contact with the second electrode, the second electrode including a sharp end formation and being resiliently biased in a direction transverse to the direction of movement of the first electrode, the first electrode including a generally planar surface which extends transversely of the axis and the second electrode is mounted so that when the first and second electrodes are in contact, as the first electrode is continued to be moved along or parallel to the axis, the second electrode moves relative to the first electrode in a direction transverse to the direction of movement of the first electrode across the planar surface of the first electrode.

Abstract: Integrated modeling and symbolic manipulation is leveraged for the derivation, construction, maintenance, and reuse of application-independent models. Related models created for different applications share a common ancestry and maintain model consistency while enabling the models to share information about the process. Environment independent proper ancestor models (PAMs) are created for generic components of a process, such as a distillation or flash column. Models underlying an application may be comprised of various representations of multiple such processes corresponding to many different physical components. PAMs contain symbolic representations of different sub processes that occur within a process or component. A user makes assumptions about the component, by indicating how sub processes are to be considered or not considered. PAMs are then modified in accordance with the assumptions to derive a specific environment model (SEM).