Abstract: Techniques are described by which learner skill can be estimated over time, even in the presence of large data sets. A rating system can be used in which a learner's submission of a course assessment can be interpreted as a single match, where the learner and the course assessment are competing against each other. This approach can be applied to online learning platforms that include very many learners who have submitted assignments very many times in many courses. The described techniques provide reliable estimates of assessment difficulty and learner ability. The described scoring framework may be used as a basis for various applications that account for a learner's ability, such as adaptive diagnostic tests and personalized recommendations.

Abstract: An accessory rack system comprising a frame rail adapted to couple to a side wall of a cargo area and at least one post engageable with the frame rail. The frame rail comprises one or more frame rail locking features and a tonneau cover support portion adapted for supporting a tonneau cover over the cargo area. The at least one post comprises one or more post locking features extending from an end of the at least one post. One of the post locking features rotates into locking engagement with one of the frame rail locking features so that the at least one post is prevented from disengaging from the frame rail and/or prevented from longitudinal translation along the frame rail.

Abstract: A frame rail assembly for supporting a tonneau cover comprising: opposing frame rails locatable on a cargo area of a vehicle, each of the opposing frame rails having one or more slots formed therein; and one or more inserts that fit within the one or more slots respectively; wherein the one or more inserts are shaped to fit substantially flush with a transverse cross-sectional profile of the opposing frame rails.

Abstract: A frame rail assembly for supporting a tonneau cover comprising: opposing frame rails locatable on a cargo area of a vehicle, each of the opposing frame rails having one or more slots formed therein; and one or more inserts that fit within the one or more slots respectively; wherein the one or more inserts are shaped to fit substantially flush with a transverse cross-sectional profile of the opposing frame rails.

Abstract: Described systems and techniques provide actionable insights to enable student support staff to identify students who are in need of support, even when such students have not requested support. Fast and accurate training of multiple machine learning models may be implemented to enable iterative, updateable predictions of a student's grade in a course, even when the course has never been previously offered to students. As a student progresses through a course and towards a degree that requires that course, described techniques may update a predicted final course grade of that student, using one or more trained, selected machine learning models.

Abstract: Techniques are described by which learner skill can be estimated over time, even in the presence of large data sets. A rating system can be used in which a learner's submission of a course assessment can be interpreted as a single match, where the learner and the course assessment are competing against each other. This approach can be applied to online learning platforms that include very many learners who have submitted assignments very many times in many courses. The described techniques provide reliable estimates of assessment difficulty and learner ability. The described scoring framework may be used as a basis for various applications that account for a learner's ability, such as adaptive diagnostic tests and personalized recommendations.

Abstract: A tonneau cover system can include a cover sized and shaped to cover the truck cargo box and a spring clamp designed to secure the cover to the truck cargo box. The spring clamp can include a rod connected to the cover. The rod can have a rod axis. A clamp body can be rotatably and slidably mounted on the rod. The clamp body can include a pair of oppositely disposed catches spaced apart from the rod axis. The catches can extend in a catch length direction intersecting the rod axis at a first angle. A grasping tether can be attached to the clamp body for manually sliding the clamp body along the rod in a direction away from the cover. Due to the flexible nature of the grasping tether, potential interference of the clamp with cargo in the cargo box can be significantly reduced.

Abstract: A tonneau cover system can include a cover sized and shaped to cover the truck cargo box and a spring clamp designed to secure the cover to the truck cargo box. The spring clamp can include a rod connected to the cover. The rod can have a rod axis. A clamp body can be rotatably and slidably mounted on the rod. The clamp body can include a pair of oppositely disposed catches spaced apart from the rod axis. The catches can extend in a catch length direction intersecting the rod axis at a first angle. A grasping tether can be attached to the clamp body for manually sliding the clamp body along the rod in a direction away from the cover. Due to the flexible nature of the grasping tether, potential interference of the clamp with cargo in the cargo box can be significantly reduced.

Abstract: Methods, formulations, and drug delivery systems are provided for enhancing the flux of a transdermally administered hydrophilic drug using a basic permeation enhancer composition. The enhancer composition contains an inorganic hydroxide and a weaker, nitrogenous base, wherein the bases are selected such that a 0.1M aqueous solution of the nitrogenous base has a pH that is about 1.0 to about 6.5 lower than the pH of a 0.1M aqueous solution of the inorganic hydroxide. Additionally, the molar ratio of the nitrogenous base to the inorganic hydroxide in the enhancer composition is in the range of about 0.5n:1 to about 20n:1, `where n is the number of hydroxide ions per molecule of the inorganic hydroxide.

Abstract: Methods are provided for enhancing the permeability of skin or mucosal tissue to topical or transdermal application of pharmacologically or cosmeceutically active agents. The methods entail the use of a base in order to increase the flux of the active agent through a body surface while minimizing the likelihood of skin damage, irritation or sensitization. The permeation enhancer can be an inorganic or organic base. Compositions and transdermal systems are also described.