Abstract: A tandem photovoltaic device includes a first cell and a second cell arranged in tandem. The first cell is configured to receive incident electromagnetic radiation and includes a first charge separating layer having a first semiconducting polymer adapted to create electric charge carriers generated by electromagnetic radiation. A second cell is configured to receive electromagnetic radiation passing out of the first cell in a light propagation path. The second cell includes a second charge separating layer having a second semiconducting polymer adapted to create electric charge carriers generated by electromagnetic radiation. A first titanium oxide layer is interposed between the first and second cells, wherein the first titanium oxide layer is substantially amorphous and has a general formula of TiOx where X being a number of 1 to 1.96.

Abstract: An electronic device which comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, an active polymer layer between the first and the second electrodes, and a passivating layer adapted to enhance the lifetime of the electronic device. The passivating layer comprises a substantially amorphous titanium oxide having the formula of TiOx where x represents a number from 1 to 1.96.

Abstract: Multilayer polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) are demonstrated using semiconducting polymers blended with organometallic emitters as the emissive layer and one or both of an electron transport layer and a hole transparent layer on the appropriate electron injection and hole injection sides of the emissive layer. The transport layers reduce energy potential gaps between the hole injection electrode and the emissive polymer and between the electron injection electrode and the emissive polymer. A solvent-processing based procedure for preparing these devices is also disclosed It uses nonpolar solvent-based solutions of emissive polymers to form the emissive layer and polar solvent-based solutions to form the transport layers to minimize etching and other undesirable interactions as the multiple layers are being laid down.

Abstract: High efficiency polymer photovoltaic cells have been fabricated using an optical spacer between the active layer and the electron-collecting electrode. Such cells exhibit approximately 50% enhancement in power conversion efficiency. The spacer layer increases the efficiency by modifying the spatial distribution of the light intensity inside the device, thereby creating more photogenerated charge carriers in the bulk heterojunction layer.

Abstract: A reagentless, reusable bioelectronic DNA, or other oligonucleotide sequence sensor is disclosed. The sensor includes an oligonucleotide (aptamer) probe tagged with a electroactive, redoxable moiety, self-assembled on or near an electrode. This surface-confined oligonucleotide (aptamer) probe structure undergoes hybridization-induced conformational change in the presence of the target which changes the electron-transfer distance between the redoxable moiety and the electrode thereby providing a detectable signal change. In an alternative embodiment, the target can harbor the redoxable moiety.

Abstract: A light emitting device may include a first electrode on a substrate, a first emission layer on the first electrode, a buffer layer on the first emission layer, a middle electrode on the buffer layer, a second emission layer on the middle electrode, and a second electrode on the second emission layer. The buffer layer may include a material selected from the group consisting of a metal oxide, a polyelectrolyte, and a combination thereof. The first emission layer, buffer layer, middle electrode, and second emission layer may be fabricated using a wet process.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a multi-layered bipolar field-effect transistor, including a gate electrode, a gate insulating layer, an electron transport layer, a hole transport layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode, in which an intermediate separating layer is formed between the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer, and a method of manufacturing the same. The multi-layered bipolar field-effect transistor has advantages in that, since a P-channel and a N-channel are effectively separated, the electrical properties thereof, such as current ON/OFF ratio, electron mobility, hole mobility, and the like, are improved, and, since a device can be manufactured through a solution process without damaging layers, the processability thereof is improved.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell which comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, a photoactive, charge-separating layer comprising a semiconducting polymer between the first and the second electrodes, and a passivatng layer adapted to enhance the lifetime of the photovoltaic cell. The passivating layer comprises a substantially amorphous titanium oxide having the formula of TiOx where x represents a number from 1 to 1.96.

Abstract: White light-emitting electrophosphorescent polymeric light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) are demonstrated using semiconducting polymers blended with organometallic emitters as emissive materials in a common region. These materials may be cast from solution. The CIE coordinates, the color temperatures and the color rendering indices of the white emission are insensitive to the brightness, applied voltage and applied current density.

Abstract: Mixtures and light-emitting devices that incorporate such mixtures are disclosed in which a soluble phenyl-substituted poly(para-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) copolymer (“superyellow”) is used as the host light-emitting polymer and methyltrioctylammonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, an ionic liquid, is used to introduce a dilute concentration of mobile ions into the emitting polymer layer. These mixtures and devices incorporating them are able to combine some of the characteristics of polymer light emitting diodes (PLEDs) and polymer light-emitting electrochemical cells (PLECs).

Abstract: A tandem photovoltaic device includes a first cell and a second cell arranged in tandem. The first cell is configured to receive incident electromagnetic radiation and includes a first charge separating layer having a first semiconducting polymer adapted to create electric charge carriers generated by electromagnetic radiation. A second cell is configured to receive electromagnetic radiation passing out of the first cell in a light propagation path. The second cell includes a second charge separating layer having a second semiconducting polymer adapted to create electric charge carriers generated by electromagnetic radiation. A first titanium oxide layer is interposed between the first and second cells, wherein the first titanium oxide layer is substantially amorphous and has a general formula of TiOx where X being a number of 1 to 1.96.

Abstract: Organic FETs are produced having high mobilities in the accumulation mode and in the depletion mode. Significantly higher mobility is obtained from FETs in which RR-P3HT film is applied by dip-coating to a thickness of only about 20 ? to 1 ?m. It was found that the structural order of the semiconducting polymer at the interface between the semiconducting polymer and the SiO2 gate-insulator is important for achieving high carrier mobility. Heat-treatment under an inert atmosphere also was found to increase the on/off ratio of the FET.

Abstract: Processing additives, as well as related compositions, photovoltaic cells, photovoltaic modules, and methods, are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a multi-layered bipolar field-effect transistor, including a gate electrode, a gate insulating layer, an electron transport layer, a hole transport layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode, in which an intermediate separating layer is formed between the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer, and a method of manufacturing the same. The multi-layered bipolar field-effect transistor has advantages in that, since a P-channel and a N-channel are effectively separated, the electrical properties thereof, such as current ON/OFF ratio, electron mobility, hole mobility, and the like, are improved, and, since a device can be manufactured through a solution process without damaging layers, the processability thereof is improved.

Abstract: Improved processing methods for enhanced properties of conjugated polymer films are disclosed, as well as the enhanced conjugated polymer films produced thereby. Addition of low molecular weight alkyl-containing molecules to solutions used to form conjugated polymer films leads to improved photoconductivity and improvements in other electronic properties. The enhanced conjugated polymer films can be used in a variety of electronic devices, such as solar cells and photodiodes.

Abstract: A light-emitting device comprising a pair of electrodes, and an emitting polymer active layer between the pair of electrodes, and either a) an electron transport layer, b) a hole transport layer, or c) a low work function material layer, wherein said emitting polymer layer comprising a single phase combination of a light-emitting polymer and an ionic liquid, is provided. Such multilayered devices have increased stability at relatively high voltages, fast turn-on times, low operating voltage, high brightness and long lifetimes.

Abstract: Mixtures and light-emitting devices that incorporate such mixtures are disclosed in which a soluble phenyl-substituted poly(para-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) copolymer (“superyellow”) is used as the host light-emitting polymer and methyltrioctylammonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, an ionic liquid, is used to introduce a dilute concentration of mobile ions into the emitting polymer layer. These mixtures and devices incorporating them are able to combine some of the characteristics of polymer light emitting diodes (PLEDs) and polymer light-emitting electrochemical cells (PLECs).

Abstract: Organic FETs are produced having high mobilities in the accumulation mode and in the depletion mode. Significantly higher mobility is obtained from FETs in which RR-P3HT film is applied by dip-coating to a thickness of only about 20 ? to 1 ?m. It was found that the structural order of the semiconducting polymer at the interface between the semiconducting polymer and the SiO2 gate-insulator is important for achieving high carrier mobility. Heat-treatment under an inert atmosphere also was found to increase the on/off ratio of the FET.

Abstract: Visible light LEDs are produced having a layer of conjugated polymer which is cast directly from solution or formed as a gel-processed admixture with a carrier polymer. The LEDs can be formed so as to emit polarized light.

Abstract: A solid state lasing structure comprising a field effect transistor in which source and drain electrodes are disposed on a semiconducting light emitting organic polymer forming an active layer on a gate whereby current between the source and drain electrodes defines and flows along a channel in the active layer to define a recombination and emission zone.