Abstract: A method to determine the concentration ratio of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide in the gaseous product of a fluidized bed reactor for producing titanium tetrachloride. The hot fluidized bed of the reactor is used as the source of infrared radiation which radiation is directed through the gaseous products in upper portion of the reactor through a window in the reactor to an infrared spectrometer. The concentration ratio can be used to control the temperature of the fluidized bed reactor by controlling the amount of cool titanium tetrachloride that is introduced into the reactor.

Abstract: A method to determine the concentration ratio of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide in the gaseous product of a fluidized bed reactor for producing titanium tetrachloride. The hot fluidized bed of the reactor is used as the source of infrared radiation which radiation is directed through the gaseous products in upper portion of the reactor through a window in the reactor to an infrared spectrometer. The concentration ratio can be used to control the temperature of the fluidized bed reactor by controlling the amount of cool titanium tetrachloride that is introduced into the reactor.

Abstract: A process for reacting titanium tetrachloride vapors with oxygen to produce titanium dioxide wherein the oxygen is introduced into the reactor in at least two points. The process has the ability to control properties, such as particle size, of the raw pigment produced. The temperature of the oxygen introduced to the reactor at the further inlet point is above, below, or at the same temperature of the oxygen introduced at the first inlet point. The further inlet point can be located before or after the all the titanium tetrachloride has been introduced into the reactor. The titanium tetrachloride is introduced at a relatively low temperature, below about 427° C., and the reaction temperature in the reactor is at least about 700° C. The process includes the use of an auxilary fuel such as carbon monoxide, methane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, benzene, xylene, toluene, or combinations thereof for increasing the temperature in the reactor.

Abstract: A system for increasing the capacity of a process for producing titanium dioxide by reacting titanium tetrachloride vapors with oxygen wherein the process includes an oxygen preheat assembly for preheating oxygen to a predetermined temperature level and a first titanium tetrachloride preheat assembly for preheating titanium tetrachloride to a first, relatively high, temperature level, a portion of the oxygen and the titanium tetrachloride vapors at the first temperature level being reacted in a first reaction zone to produce a mixture of titanium dioxide reaction product, oxygen and unreacted titanium tetrachloride vapors at the first temperature level.

Abstract: A process for producing titanium tetrachloride in which iron-titanium ore is leached in hydrochloric acid to produce a solid phase comprising upgraded titanium-containing material, and a spent liquid phase. Dissolved metal chlorides in the spent liquid phase are regenerated to produce hydrochloric acid in an acid regeneration zone. The titanium-containing material is chlorinated to produce a product stream containing titanium tetrachloride and entrained solids, including metal chloride. The entrained solids are recovered from the product stream and the metal chloride portion thereof is recycled to the acid regeneration zone.

Abstract: In a process for the removal and pressure reduction of a high pressure, high temperature slurry from a process vessel, the slurry is mixed with a make-up liquid in a temperature treatment vessel to form a diluted slurry, which is passed through a cooling apparatus, and a recycle portion of the diluted slurry is recycled to the temperature treatment vessel. Another portion of the cooled diluted slurry solution is flashed to a preselected reduced pressure through a pressure reducing valve, and this portion is passed to a stripping vessel for concentrating and producing a slurry product. In operation, plural slurry gravity settling vessels may be connected to a single heat treatment vessel, thereby effectuating slurry pressure reduction across a single pressure reducing valve.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved heat exchanger gas outlet tube in a cyclone separator. The apparatus is adapted for use with highly corrosive halide-containing gas-solids suspensions at elevated temperatures.In accordance with this invention, a flanged, hollow nickel alloy gas outlet tube is provided with multiple inlets and outlets arranged circumferentially around a portion of the gas outlet tube. A hollow passage contained within said gas outlet tube is provided with a pair of partial longitudinal baffles positioned in such a manner that cooling air or other compatible cooling fluid may flow within the passage and be caused to flow longitudinally down the length of the tube, in one portion of the passage, before passing below the partial baffles and the flow back upwardly through the other portion of the passage.

Abstract: A process for reacting titanium tetrachloride vapors with oxygen to produce titanium dioxide wherein the oxygen is introduced into the reactor in at least two points. The process has the ability to control properties, such as particle size, of the raw pigment produced. The temperature of the oxygen introduced to the reactor at the further inlet point is above, below, or at the same temperature of the oxygen introduced at the first inlet point. The further inlet point can be located before or after the all the titanium tetrachloride has been introduced into the reactor. The titanium tetrachloride is introduced at a relatively low temperature, below about 427° C., and the reaction temperature in the reactor is at least about 700° C. The process includes the use of an auxiliary fuel such as carbon monoxide, methane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, benzene, xylene, toluene, or combinations thereof for increasing the temperature in the reactor.