Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for selecting actions for an agent in a target environment. In particular, the actions are selected using an environment model for the target environment that is parameterized using interactions of the agent with the target environment and one or more source environments.

Abstract: Sample size determination techniques in sequential hypothesis testing in a digital medium environment are described. The sample size may be determined before a test to define a number of samples (e.g., user interactions with digital marketing content) that are likely to be tested as part of the sequential hypothesis testing in order to achieve a result. The sample size may also be determined in real time to define a number of samples that likely remain for testing in order to achieve a result. The sample size may be determined in a variety of ways, such as through simulation, based on a gap between conversion rates for different options being tested, and so on.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed at providing a sequential multiple hypothesis testing system. In one embodiment, feedback is collected for hypothesis tests of a multiple hypothesis tests. Based on the collected feedback, a sequential p-value is calculated for each of the hypothesis tests utilizing a sequential statistic procedure that is designed to compare an alternative case with a base case for a respective hypothesis test. A sequential rejection procedure can then be applied to determine whether any of the hypothesis tests have concluded based on the respective p-value. A result of the determination can then be output to apprise a user of a state of the multiple hypothesis test. This process can then be repeated until a maximum sample size is reached, termination criterion is met, or all tests are concluded. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: Paired testing techniques in a digital medium environment are described. A testing system receives data that describes user interactions, e.g., with digital content or other items. The data is organized by the testing system as pairs of user exposures to the different item. Filtering is then performed based on these pairs by the testing system to remove “tied” pairs. Tied pair are pairs of user interactions that result in the same output for binary data (e.g., converted or did not convert) or are within a defined threshold amount for continuous non-binary data. The filtered pair data is then tested, e.g., until criteria of a stopping rule are met as part of sequential hypothesis testing. The testing, for instance, may be used to evaluate which item of digital marketing content exhibits a greater effect, if any, on conversion and control subsequent deployment of this digital marketing content as a result.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed at providing a sequential multiple hypothesis testing system. In one embodiment, feedback is collected for hypothesis tests of a multiple hypothesis tests. Based on the collected feedback, a sequential p-value is calculated for each of the hypothesis tests utilizing a sequential statistic procedure that is designed to compare an alternative case with a base case for a respective hypothesis test. A sequential rejection procedure can then be applied to determine whether any of the hypothesis tests have concluded based on the respective p-value. A result of the determination can then be output to apprise a user of a state of the multiple hypothesis test. This process can then be repeated until a maximum sample size is reached, termination criterion is met, or all tests are concluded. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: Sample size determination techniques in sequential hypothesis testing in a digital medium environment are described. The sample size may be determined before a test to define a number of samples (e.g., user interactions with digital marketing content) that are likely to be tested as part of the sequential hypothesis testing in order to achieve a result. The sample size may also be determined in real time to define a number of samples that likely remain for testing in order to achieve a result. The sample size may be determined in a variety of ways, such as through simulation, based on a gap between conversion rates for different options being tested, and so on.