Abstract: This invention relates generally to cryogenic devices and, more particularly, to cryogenic devices of very small size based on superconducting elements, low thermal transmission interconnects and low dissipated power semiconductor.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to cryogenic devices and, more particularly, to cryogenic devices of very small size based on superconducting elements, low thermal transmission interconnects and low dissipated power semiconductor

Abstract: This invention relates generally to cryogenic devices and, more particularly, to cryogenic devices of very small size based on superconducting elements, low thermal transmission interconnects and low dissipated power semiconductor

Abstract: This invention relates generally to cryogenic devices and, more particularly, to cryogenic devices of very small size based on superconducting elements, low thermal transmission interconnects and low dissipated power semiconductor

Abstract: This invention relates generally to cryogenic devices and, more particularly, to cryogenic devices of very small size based on superconducting elements, low thermal transmission interconnects and low dissipated power semiconductor devices.

Abstract: The surface or internal structure of diamagnetic and paramagnetic materials is imaged by measuring, preferably with a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer, perturbations to an applied magnetic field resulting from variations in magnetic susceptibility at an array of locations across the object. The array of perturbation measurements is processed to generate a map of local susceptiblities. For implementation of susceptibility tomography, multiple arrays of perturbation signals for a plurality of relative orientations between the object, the field, and the measurement locations are processed to generate values for local susceptibility at selected sites within the object, such as along a selected sectional plane.

Abstract: A process for making a component by depositing a first layer of a powder material in a confined region and then depositing a binder material to selected regions of the layer of powder material to produce a layer of bonded powder material at the selected regions. Such steps are repeated a selected number of times to produce successive layers of selected regions of bonded powder material so as to form the desired component. The unbonded powder material is then removed. In some cases the component may be further processed as, for example, by heating it to further strengthen the bonding thereof.

Abstract: Catalytic compositions having the general formula, ABO.sub.3, and a perovskite crystal structure, wherein the A sites are substantially fully occupied by barium ions. About 1% to 20% of the Type B cation sites are occupied by ions of at least one platinum group metal selected from ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, iridium, palladium and platinum, with ruthenium being present and occupying up to about 10% of the Type B cation sites. The balance of 80% to 99% of the Type B cation sites are occupied by ions of at least one metal having an atomic radius between 0.4 to 1.4 Angstroms. The compositions are useful in gaseous oxidation and reduction reactions.

Abstract: Catalytic compositions having the general formula, ABO.sub.3, and a perovskite crystal structure, wherein the A site cations consist essentially of ions of a metal having an atomic number of 11 to 51, 57 to 71 or 89 to 103. About 1% to 20% of the Type B cation sites are occupied by ions of at least one platinum group metal selected from ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, iridium, palladium and platinum, with ruthenium being present and occupying up to about 10% of the Type B cation sites. The balance of 80% to 99% of the Type B cation sites are occupied by ions of at least one metal having an atomic radius between 0.4 to 1.4 Angstroms. The compositions are useful in gaseous oxidation and reduction reactions.

Abstract: Perovskite catalysts of the general formula ABO.sub.3 having increased stability through the incorporation of metals having low first ionization potentials, and their use in oxidation and reduction reactions.

Abstract: Metal oxyhalides of the general formula ABO.sub.3-f X.sub.f having perovskite-type crystal structures in which A and B are each cations of at least one metal and a portion of the type B cations are catalytically active; X is fluoride or chloride; and f is about from 0.01 to 1.0; useful for the promotion of oxidation and reduction reactions, including those involved in the cleanup of exhaust gases of internal combustion engines.

Abstract: Catalytic compounds having the general formula ABO.sub.3 and a perovskite crystal structure, wherein about from 1 to 20% of the B site cations are ions of a platinum metal, the remainder of the B site cations are ions of metals having atomic radii between about from 0.4 and 1.4 Angstroms, and the A site cations consist essentially of ions of a metal having an atomic number of 11 to 51, 57 to 71, or 89 to 103, useful for the promotion of gaseous oxidation and reduction reactions, particularly in the cleanup of exhaust gases of internal combustion engines.

Abstract: Barium compounds having the general formula ABO.sub.3 and a perovskite crystal structure wherein about from 1% to 20% of the B site cations are ions of a platinum metal and the remainder are ions of metals having atomic radii between about 0.4 and 1.4 Angstroms are useful as catalysts for gaseous oxidation and reduction reactions, particularly for the cleanup of exhaust gases of internal combustion engines.

Abstract: Metal oxides of the type [A.sup.1.sub.1-x A.sup.2.sub.x ]B'.sub.1-y Me.sub.y ]O.sub.3 having perovskite-type crystal structures in whichA.sup.1 and A.sup.2 are each one or more mono-, di-, or trivalent metals having ionic radii between about 0.8 and 1.65 Angstroms;B' is one or more metals having ionic radii between about 0.4 and 1.4 Angstroms;Me is one or more metals of the platinum group (ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, iridium, palladium, and platinum);x is between about 0.01 and 0.99; andy is between about 0.01 and 0.20Are useful as catalysts for the oxidation of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide and for the reduction of nitrogen oxides under conditions typical of those involved in the cleanup of the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines.

Abstract: Oxidation and reduction reactions using metal oxyhalide catalysts of the general formula ABO.sub.3.sub.-f X.sub.f having perovskite-type crystal structures in which A and B are each cations of at least one metal and a portion of the type B cations are catalytically active; X is fluoride or chloride; and f is about from 0.01 to 2.5.