Abstract: A two-stage, four-way valve has fluid input and output connections, and passes a fluid under controlled pressure to an actuator to operate any component. Such operation is sensed and, after comparison with a reference signal, a control signal regulates the duty cycle of a pulse-width modulation (PWM) circuit. The output square-wave signal from the PWM circuit regulates a solenoid incorporated in the valve, to modify its operation and regulate the pressure of the controlled fluid. The valve has a spool which effectively integrates the PWM signal and provides a type 1 servo system when connected in a closed loop system.

Abstract: A control system changes the gear ratio in an automatic transmission when engine torque is transferred from one member to another member of a three member planetary gear set. This transfer is accomplished through friction elements engaged and released by hydraulic pressure, without the use of one-way clutches. A closed loop electrical circuit is completed between a transducer, which provides an electrical signal related to the output torque of the transmission, and a pair of control valves, to vary the pressure applied by each control valve. A circuit for computing reaction torque is coupled between the transducer and a logic control circuit, which provides logic command signals for controlling operation of components in the closed loop circuit. The closed loop circuit includes two pulse width modulation circuits for regulating operation of the two control valves.

Abstract: A control system used to change the gear ratio in a gear set regulated by a change-gear signal from a control unit is disclosed. A transducer provides an output torque signal which is compared to other signals for initiating the gear change.In another arrangement, an automatic transmission changes a gear ratio when engine torque is transferred from one member to another member of a three member planetary gear set. This transfer is accomplished through friction elements engaged by hydraulic pressure. A closed loop electrical circuit is completed between a transducer, which provides an electrical signal related to the output torque of the transmission, and a control valve, to vary the control valve pressure. A circuit for computing reaction torque is coupled between the transducer and a logic control circuit, which provides logic command signals for controlling operation of components in the closed loop circuit.