Abstract: A method of making a cathode active material includes contacting a mixed metal composition with water to form a first solution. The mixed metal composition includes nickel, manganese, or nickel and manganese. A salt of nickel, manganese, or a combination thereof is added to the first solution to provide a second solution which can be further combined with a cosolvent to provide a third solution. The third solution can be further combined with a basic solution to provide a precipitate, which can be combined with a lithium compound and treated to provide the cathode active material having at least one phase having a spinel structure.

Abstract: A method of making a cathode active material includes contacting a mixed metal composition with water to form a first solution. The mixed metal composition includes nickel, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, or a combination thereof, and greater than 0 to 2 weight percent, based on the total weight of the mixed metal composition, of a compound comprising Cu, Fe, Mg, Na, Ca, Zn, F, Si, Li, or a combination thereof. A salt of nickel, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, or a combination thereof is added to the first solution to provide a second solution, which can be further combined with a basic solution to provide a precipitate. The precipitate can be combined with a lithium compound and treated to provide the cathode active material.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for cleaning a diaphragm and/or membrane in an electrolysis system. For example, provided herein is a method of chemically cleaning a diaphragm and/or membrane comprising immersing the diaphragm and/or membrane in an acidic medium, immersing the diaphragm and/or membrane in a weak alkaline medium, and rinsing the diaphragm and/or membrane with deionized water. Also provided herein is a method of electrochemically cleaning a diaphragm and/or membrane comprising reversing the direction of current applied across the diaphragm and/or membrane, applying a cathodic current to the electrolyte solution, applying an anodic current to the electrolyte solution, rinsing the diaphragm and/or membrane with deionized water, and removing deposits from the electrolyte solution.

Abstract: Provided herein are alkaline electrolyzer systems comprising one or more components that improve the performance, efficiency, and/or longevity of the system. For example, the alkaline electrolyzer system may comprise one or more of (1) a filtration component comprising one or more filtration media, (2) an ion exchange component comprising at least one ion exchange resin, (3) a corrosion inhibition component configured to introduce at least one corrosion inhibitor into the electrolyte solution, and (4) a chelating agent component configured to introduce at least one chelating agent into the electrolyte solution.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally provides systems and methods of water electrolysis. The systems include a first electrode set. The first electrode set includes a first bipolar plate electrically coupled to a power source. A first electrode is disposed adjacent to the first bipolar plate and in electrical contact with the first bipolar plate. The first actuator is electrically coupled to a second power source. The systems include a diaphragm. The first electrode is disposed adjacent to a first side of the diaphragm. The systems include a second electrode set. The second electrode set includes a second bipolar plate and a second electrode. The second electrode is disposed adjacent to a second side of the diaphragm. The second side is opposite the first side. The system include actuators embedded in the system to facilitate gas bubble expulsion to enhance electrolysis efficiency.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally provides water electrolysis systems and methods. The systems include a first electrode set with a first bipolar plate electrically coupled to a power source. A first electrode is disposed adjacent to the first bipolar plate and in electrical contact with the first bipolar plate. The first electrode is disposed adjacent to a first side of a diaphragm. The systems include a second electrode set with a second bipolar plate and a second electrode. The second electrode is disposed adjacent to a second side of the diaphragm that is opposite the first side. A first electromagnetic conductive loop is embedded within the first electrode set. The first electromagnetic conductive loop is oriented horizontally along a vertical stand electrode plane. The Lorentz force associated with the generated electromagnetic field and the electric field of water electrolysis facilitates gas bubble expulsion from the electrolyzer system, thereby improving electrolysis efficiency.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally provides systems and methods of water electrolysis. The methods include providing a first power between a first terminal plate of a first section and a second segment plate of a second section. The first section is defined by the first terminal plate and a first segment plate. The second section is defined by the first segment plate and the second segment plate. A first power fluctuation is determined from the first power to a second power. The second voltage is transmitted from the first terminal plate to the first segment plate.

Abstract: A method comprises: providing a metal salt solution including nickel, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, or a combination thereof; combining the metal salt solution with a basic solution wherein the combination of the metal salt solution and the basic solution is maintained at a pH of no greater than 10 to form a metal hydroxide precursor. To form cathode active material the method further includes adding a lithium compound to the metal hydroxide precursor to form a metal hydroxide precursor mixture; and heat-treating the metal hydroxide precursor mixture to form the single-crystal cathode active material.

Abstract: A method of making a cathode active material includes providing a first mixture including a mixed metal composition and phosphoric acid or a mixed metal composition and water. The mixed metal composition includes nickel, cobalt, manganese, or a combination thereof. A salt of iron, manganese, cobalt, or a combination thereof is added to adjust the stoichiometry of the mixed metal composition. The stoichiometrically-adjusted mixed metal composition in water can be contacted with a phosphorus-containing compound. The stoichiometrically-adjusted mixed metal phosphate is further contacted with a lithium-containing compound to provide the cathode active material having at least one phase having an olivine structure.

Abstract: A method of making a cathode active material includes contacting a mixed metal composition with water to form a first solution. The mixed metal composition includes nickel, manganese, or nickel and manganese. A salt of nickel, manganese, or a combination thereof is added to the first solution to provide a second solution which can be further combined with a cosolvent to provide a third solution. The third solution can be further combined with a basic solution to provide a precipitate, which can be combined with a lithium compound and treated to provide the cathode active material having at least one phase having a spinel structure.

Abstract: A method of making a cathode active material includes contacting a mixed metal composition with water to form a first solution. The mixed metal composition includes nickel, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, or a combination thereof, and greater than 0 to 2 weight percent, based on the total weight of the mixed metal composition, of a compound comprising Cu, Fe, Mg, Na, Ca, Zn, F, Si, Li, or a combination thereof. A salt of nickel, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, or a combination thereof is added to the first solution to provide a second solution, which can be further combined with a basic solution to provide a precipitate. The precipitate can be combined with a lithium compound and treated to provide the cathode active material.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a pipe or pipe fitting comprising a polyurea-based coating, wherein the pipe or pipe fitting is made from plastic, wherein the plastic is selected from polyolefins, preferably polyethylene (PE) and/or polypropylene (PP). The polyurea-based coating allows for enhanced mechanical strength and performance of the pipe or pipe fitting comprising the polyurea-based coating compared to a corresponding pipe or pipe fitting not comprising the polyurea-based coating, wherein the mechanical strength and performance relate to hydrostatic pressure resistance according to the Hydrostatic Pressure Test under ISO 1167 and/or resistance to failure according to the Notched Pipe Test under ISO 13479 and/or long-term hydrostatic strength according to ISO 9080:2012 standard.

Abstract: Improved radiation therapy with field-in-field multi-leaf collimator, utilizing leaf sequencing Field-in-Field's (FIF) to accurately reproduce the input fluence map or original optimized dose distribution. The number of apertures used is constrained to a user-specified value all the way down to as few as 2 apertures which significantly magnifies the effect of poorly formed apertures. The disclosed invention further includes producing fluence maps with a homogenous dose throughout the treated volume utilizing leaf-sequencing Field-in-Field that reproduces more precise input fluence maps to yield optimized dose distribution.

Abstract: Improved radiation therapy with field-in-field multi-leaf collimator, utilizing leaf sequencing Field-in-Field's (FIF) to accurately reproduce the input fluence map or original optimized dose distribution. The number of apertures used is constrained to a user-specified value all the way down to as few as 2 apertures which significantly magnifies the effect of poorly formed apertures. The disclosed invention further includes producing fluence maps with a homogenous dose throughout the treated volume utilizing leaf-sequencing Field-in-Field that reproduces more precise input fluence maps to yield optimized dose distribution.

Abstract: A cooling device includes a thermally conductive object having an opening configured to receive an optical component, the opening being configured such that the optical component is thermally and optically operationally connected to the thermally conductive and electrically conductive object. One or more cooling components, microchannel coolers in one instance, are also thermally operationally connected to the thermally conductive and electrically conductive object. Methods of use are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for coating a plant propagation material, including a seed, comprising: a.) providing a propagation material, such as seed, to be coated; b.) applying to the propagation material a composition comprising at least one reactant having reactive functionality and, optionally, at least one active ingredient; and c.) polymerising, crosslinking, curing or otherwise reacting the reactant having reactive functionality on the surface of the plant propagation material to form a coating thereon which may encompass an a.i., when present. The present invention further provides a method for enhancing the safety, quality and/or viability of a plant propagation material, including a seed, comprising providing a coated material having less dust-off.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for sorting particles in a laminar flow microfluidic channel includes a cantilevered coaxial flow injector in a microfluidic device, the cantilevered coaxial flow injector including an elongated cantilever element integrated into the microfluidic device. A coaxial channel runs through the elongated cantilever element, where coaxial channel is sized to pass particles of a predetermined size. An actuator is coupled to the elongated cantilever element, for actuating said elongated cantilever element.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for correction of relative object-detector motion between successive views during optical tomographic imaging in three dimensions. An object of interest is illuminated to produce an image. A lateral offset correction value is determined for the image. An axial offset correction value is determined for the image. The lateral offset correction value and the axial offset correction value are applied to the image to produce a corrected file image.

Abstract: A method for automated cell enrichment preparation where biological cells are injected into a first subchamber and flowed through the first subchamber, through a large pore filter and into a second subchamber so that the large pore filter retains particles large particles in the first subchamber, while the biological cells pass through the first filter into the second subchamber and are retained by a small pore filter. After clearing, the biological cells are stained. A solvent exchange leaves the biological cells in solvent and they are released into a concentration module where a portion of the solvent is removed to form an enriched concentrated cell suspension.

Abstract: A low-foaming herbicidal composition comprises glyphosate and a poly(alkylene oxide)alkanol having the formula R1R2CH—R3—(OR4)n—OH (I) wherein R1 and R2 are methyl or ethyl, R3 is a straight chain alkylene group containing from 5 to 12 carbon atoms, R4 is an alkylene group containing 2 or 3 carbon atoms and n is from 4 to 20. Especially preferred is ethoxylated, propoxylated or mixed alkoxylated/propoxylated iso-tridecyl alcohol wherein the degree of alkoxylation is from 6 to 14, for example iso-tridecyl alcohol having 8 polyethylene oxide units. Preferred compositions additionally contain an alkylglycoside.