Abstract: A multi-beam antenna array includes a receiver multi-layer circuit card assembly (CCA) comprising of a first plurality of monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs), a first plurality of radiating elements, and a first plurality of interconnections; a transmitter multi-layer CCA comprising of a second plurality of MMICs, a second plurality of radiating elements, and a second plurality of interconnections; and a single aperture shared by the receiver multi-layer CCA and the transmitter multi-layer CCA, where each of the first and second plurality of MMICs includes mixed analog and digital circuits surface mounted onto said each MMIC.

Abstract: A patch radiator suitable for operation with circular or dual linear polarizations is described. The patch radiator includes a patch antenna element and a pair of excitation circuits. The excitation circuits include a feed line and a turning circuit configured such that a single feed line enables independent operation of each polarization. This allows for the operation of the patch and therefore array as either linear, slant, elliptical, or circular polarization.

Abstract: A patch radiator suitable for operation with circular or dual linear polarizations is described. The patch radiator includes a patch antenna element and a pair of excitation circuits. The excitation circuits include a feed line and a turning circuit configured such that a single feed line enables independent operation of each polarization. This allows for the operation of the patch and therefore array as either linear, slant, elliptical, or circular polarization.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and methods for using high phase noise oscillators in Doppler radar systems. In some embodiments, a transmit pulse is sampled corresponding with a transmission time, and a phase noise correction factor is developed based on the sample transmit pulse and corresponding with the transmission time. A return echo is received that corresponds with the transmission time of the transmit pulse, and the return echo is modified based on the phase noise correction factor derived from the corresponding transmit pulse. In some embodiments, the transmit pulse can be generated from a magnetron or other high power oscillator having high phase noise. In some embodiments, the modified return echo is processed to differentiate clutter by resolving a Doppler shift.

Abstract: A field emission display having a plurality of cathodes; a cathodoluminescent anode; a plurality of control electrodes for controlling the flow of electrons between the cathodes and the anode; a focus grid comprising an apertured, conductive sheet; and a dielectric material is disposed on the focus grid between the conductive sheet and the control electrodes. With such an arrangement, the dielectric material prevents the focus grid from electrically contacting the control electrodes. Further, it has been discovered that high angle electrons emitted by each pixel are inhibited from passing through the focus grid associated with an adjacent pixel to reduce cross-talk. It is believed that surface charge forms on the dielectric material and acts as an additional focusing structure that reduces the number of high angle electrons emitted from one pixel from passing through an adjacent focus grid aperture resulting in a “cross-talk” image on the cathode.

Abstract: A method for forming images on a display having a matrix of rows and columns of pixels is provided. Such method comprises the steps of: successively addressing the rows of pixels, each one of the rows of pixels being addressed for a predetermined addressing period of time. During each predetermined addressing period of time, a voltage level is applied to each one of the columns of pixels for a time duration in accordance with image intensity data and changing to a different voltage level during the remaining period of the addressing period of time. The voltage level changes only once during each predetermined addressing period of time. The anode of the display is coupled to a power supply adapted to couple either a relatively high voltage to the anode when such display is to operate in a relatively bright environment or a relatively low voltage when such display is to operate with relatively dim environment. The images are characterized by a gray scale level at each one of the pixels.

Abstract: A rectangular field emission display has a front member with a glass anode support, and a first sidewall section; the display also has a cathode substrate containing an embedded cathode; the display has a rear member with a planar section and a sidewall section; and the display has an evacuated space. The front member and the rear member enclose at least a portion of the cathode substrate. The evacuated space separates the entire anode support section and the cathode substrate.

Abstract: A field emission display having a plurality of pixels is disclosed wherein each pixel includes a cathode with a plurality of field emitters and corresponding gate electrodes to emit electrons, an anode distally disposed with respect to the cathode, the anode and the cathode capable of having a voltage difference greater than 6000 volts, and a focus grid disposed between the anode and the cathode, the focus grid having an aperture and disposed in proximity with the cathode to focus electrons from the plurality of field emitters of the cathode toward the anode. With such an arrangement, a field emission display is provided having greater brightness and efficiency.

Abstract: An RF circuit which may be for example a high pass filter, low pass filter, phase shifter, bandpass filter, termination network, bias network, or series or parallel resonance circuit includes at least one strip conductor coiled about a region and an outer or ring strip conductor disposed about a periphery of the at least one coiled strip conductor and coupled to said at least one coiled strip conductor through a dielectric. Parasitic capacitance between the coiled conductor and outer or ring conductor provide capacitor elements for the circuit.