Abstract: A method and system for the generation of a medium-Btu, clean and renewable fuel gas to replace fossil fuels in existing lime kilns with minimal retrofitting without significantly compromising the kiln capacity. A steam-blown dual fluidized bed gasifier produces renewable fuel gas from a carbonaceous feedstock such as woody biomass. A gas cleanup process purifies the raw fuel gas, resulting in a clean fuel gas for mitigation of lime contamination and environmental issues. The adiabatic flame temperature and flue gas volume/GJ for the combustion of the renewable fuel gas are similar to values for natural gas, making retrofitting of fossil fuel-fired lime kilns relatively straightforward.

Abstract: A solid circulation monitoring and/or control system for a dual bed gasification apparatus. The monitoring and/or control system comprises a plurality of pressure sensors located at various regions within the dual bed gasification system, for monitoring pressure while the apparatus is operated. Comparison of pressures and pressure differentials between different regions of the gasifier allow monitoring of the status, and optimization of the operation conditions of the apparatus.

Abstract: A tar destruction unit for a biomass gasifier is described, comprising a catalyst and/or heating means situated within the free-board section of the gasifier. Also described is a biomass gasifier having such a tar destruction unit.

Abstract: A tar destruction unit for a biomass gasifier is described, comprising a catalyst and/or heating means situated within the free-board section of the gasifier. Also described is a biomass gasifier having such a tar destruction unit.

Abstract: A novel electrolytic cell is described for carrying out electrochemical reactions in which a gas and a liquid electrolyte flow co-currently through a fluid permeable conductive mass which acts as an electrode. The cell has an anode and cathode in spaced apart relationship, with one electrode being in the form of a fluid permeable conductive mass e.g. a porous matrix or a packed bed of graphite particles, separated from the counter electrode by a barrier wall. This barrier wall can be either anion specific membrane dividing the cell into separate cathode and anode chambers or a porous insulating wall permitting flow of electrolyte between the cathode and anode. A liquid electrolyte and a gas are passed co-currently through the electrode bed perpendicular to the current flow and the reaction product is generated in the solution within the electrode bed.

Abstract: A novel electrolytic cell and process are described for producing alkaline peroxide solutions. The cell has an anode and cathode in spaced apart relationship, with the cathode being in the form of a fluid permeable conductive mass e.g. a packed bed of graphite particles, separated from the anode by a barrier wall. This barrier wall can be either a cation specific membrane dividing the cell into separate cathode and anode chambers or an insulating mesh permitting free flow of electrolyte between the cathode and anode. An aqueous alkaline electrolyte and oxygen are passed through the cathode bed and the peroxide is generated in the solution within the cathode bed. The alkaline peroxide obtained is directly usable in wood pulp bleaching operations.

Abstract: Molybdenite or MoS.sub.2 materials, particularly finely divided flotation concentrates, are oxidized (roasted) to form molybdenum trioxide in a continuous composite fluidized bed containing non-elutriated refractory solids. A relatively high recycle ratio of oxidized calcine to feed is maintained for best results. The temperature of the circulated oxidized solids is maintained high to avoid sticking and deposition problems. High throughputs and high conversions have been achieved, with the product having a low sulfur content.