Abstract: Provided are compositions related to HSD17B13 variants, including isolated nucleic acids and proteins related to variants of HSD17B13, and cells comprising those nucleic acids and proteins. Also provided are methods related to HSD17B13 variants. Such methods include methods for modifying a cell through use of any combination of nuclease agents, exogenous donor sequences, transcriptional activators, transcriptional repressors, and expression vectors for expressing a recombinant HSD17B13 gene or a nucleic acid encoding an HSD17B13 protein. Also provided are therapeutic and prophylactic methods for treating a subject having or at risk of developing chronic liver disease.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods of treating subjects having increased lipid levels, methods of identifying subjects having an increased risk of developing an increased lipid level, methods of detecting human Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Transcription Factor 1 (SREBF1) variant nucleic acid molecules and variant polypeptides, and SREBF1 variant nucleic acid molecules and variant polypeptides.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods of treating subjects having increased lipid levels and/or increased triglyceride levels, methods of identifying subjects having an increased risk of developing an increased lipid level and/or increased triglyceride level, methods of detecting human Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein Cleavage-Activating Protein (SCAP) variant nucleic acid molecules and variant polypeptides, and SCAP variant nucleic acid molecules and variant polypeptides.

Abstract: Variant B4GALT1 genomic, mRNA, and cDNA nucleic acid molecules, and polypeptides, methods of detecting the presence of these molecules, methods of modulating endogenous B4GALT1 genomic, mRNA, and cDNA nucleic acid molecules, and polypeptides, methods of ascertaining the risk of developing cardiovascular conditions by detecting the presence or absence of the variant B4GALT1 genomic, mRNA, and cDNA nucleic acid molecules, and polypeptides, and methods of treating cardiovascular conditions are provided herein.

Abstract: The present invention generally to methods of treating subjects suffering from a cardiac condition or having a risk factor for developing a cardiac condition by administering an ELA peptide or fusion protein to a subject in need. The invention relates to fusion proteins of Fc-ELA-32 and Fc-ELA-21 that exhibit improved properties for use as therapeutic agents, e.g. in the treatment of cardiac conditions. In addition, the present invention relates to polynucleotides encoding such fusion proteins, and vectors and host cells comprising such polynucleotides. The invention further relates to methods for producing the fusion proteins of the invention, and to methods of using them in the treatment of disease.

Abstract: Variant B4GALT1 genomic, mRNA, and cDNA nucleic acid molecules, and polypeptides, methods of detecting the presence of these molecules, methods of modulating endogenous B4GALT1 genomic, mRNA, and cDNA nucleic acid molecules, and polypeptides, methods of ascertaining the risk of developing cardiovascular conditions by detecting the presence or absence of the variant B4GALT1 genomic, mRNA, and cDNA nucleic acid molecules, and polypeptides, and methods of treating cardiovascular conditions are provided herein.

Abstract: Provided are compositions related to HSD17B13 variants, including isolated nucleic acids and proteins related to variants of HSD17B13, and cells comprising those nucleic acids and proteins. Also provided are methods related to HSD17B13 variants. Such methods include methods for modifying a cell through use of any combination of nuclease agents, exogenous donor sequences, transcriptional activators, transcriptional repressors, and expression vectors for expressing a recombinant HSD17B13 gene or a nucleic acid encoding an HSD17B13 protein. Also provided are therapeutic and prophylactic methods for treating a subject having or at risk of developing chronic liver disease.

Abstract: Provided are compositions related to HSD17B13 variants, including nucleic acid molecules and polypeptides related to variants of HSD17B13, and cells comprising those nucleic acid molecules and polypeptides. Also provided are methods related to HSD17B3 variants. Such methods include methods for detecting the presence of the HSD17B13 rs72613567 variant in a biological sample comprising genomic DNA, for detecting the presence or levels of any one of variant HSD17B13 Transcripts C, D, E, F, G, and H, and particularly D, in a biological sample comprising mRNA or cDNA, or for detecting the presence or levels of any one of variant HSD17B13 protein Isoforms C, D, E, F, G, or H, and particularly D, in a biological sample comprising protein. Also provided are methods for determining a subject's susceptibility to developing a liver disease or of diagnosing a subject with liver disease.

Abstract: The present invention generally to methods of treating subjects suffering from a cardiac condition or having a risk factor for developing a cardiac condition by administering an ELA peptide or fusion protein to a subject in need. The invention relates to fusion proteins of Fc-ELA-32 and Fc-ELA-21 that exhibit improved properties for use as therapeutic agents, e.g. in the treatment of cardiac conditions. In addition, the present invention relates to polynucleotides encoding such fusion proteins, and vectors and host cells comprising such polynucleotides. The invention further relates to methods for producing the fusion proteins of the invention, and to methods of using them in the treatment of disease.

Abstract: Isolated omentin polypeptides that selectively express in omental fat tissue and methods for the use of the polypeptides. The polypeptides can be used in a method for modifying insulin action and/or glucose metabolism in an animal. The polypeptides can be used to promote glucose uptake by animal adipocytes and other cells, tissues, and/or organs. The polypeptides can also used to provide a therapeutic treatment for diseases of or related to glucose metabolism and adipose tissues. The polypeptides are also incorporated into diagnostic tests and testing kits for diagnosing or detecting a disease or condition involving animal tissue that contains, uses, or expresses the polypeptide in an animal suspected of having the disease or condition.

Abstract: Isolated omentin polypeptides that selectively express in omental fat tissue and methods for the use of the polypeptides. The polypeptides can be used in a method for modifying insulin action and/or glucose metabolism in an animal. The polypeptides can be used to promote glucose uptake by animal adipocytes and other cells, tissues, and/or organs. The polypeptides can also used to provide a therapeutic treatment for diseases of or related to glucose metabolism and adipose tissues. The polypeptides are also incorporated into diagnostic tests and testing kits for diagnosing or detecting a disease or condition involving animal tissue that contains, uses, or expresses the polypeptide in an animal suspected of having the disease or condition.

Abstract: Isolated omentin polypeptides that selectively express in omental fat tissue and methods for the use of the polypeptides. The polypeptides can be used in a method for modifying insulin action and/or glucose metabolism in an animal. The polypeptides can be used to promote glucose uptake by animal adipocytes and other cells, tissues, and/or organs. The polypeptides can also used to provide a therapeutic treatment for diseases of or related to glucose metabolism and adipose tissues. The polypeptides are also incorporated into diagnostic tests and testing kits for diagnosing or detecting a disease or condition involving animal tissue that contains, uses, or expresses the polypeptide in an animal suspected of having the disease or condition.

Abstract: Isolated omentin polypeptides that selectively express in omental fat tissue and methods for the use of the polypeptides. The polypeptides can be used in a method for modifying insulin action and/or glucose metabolism in an animal. The polypeptides can be used to promote glucose uptake by animal adipocytes and other cells, tissues, and/or organs. The polypeptides can also used to provide a therapeutic treatment for diseases of or related to glucose metabolism and adipose tissues. The polypeptides are also incorporated into diagnostic tests and testing kits for diagnosing or detecting a disease or condition involving animal tissue that contains, uses, or expresses the polypeptide in an animal suspected of having the disease or condition.

Abstract: A novel alanine transaminase gene (ALT2) is isolated from human tissue. ALT2 specific polynucleotides, polypeptides, and antibodies are described. ALT2 is expressed predominately in liver, kidney, brain, muscle, and adipose tissue. ALT2 can be used to diagnose injury and diseases involving tissues expressing ALT2.

Abstract: A novel alanine transaminase gene (ALT2) is isolated from human tissue. ALT2 specific polynucleotides, polypeptides, and antibodies are described. ALT2 is expressed predominately in liver, kidney, brain, muscle, and adipose tissue. ALT2 can be used to diagnose injury and diseases involving tissues expressing ALT2.

Abstract: Isolated omentin polypeptides that selectively express in omental fat tissue and methods for the use of the polypeptides. The polypeptides can be used in a method for modifying insulin action and/or glucose metabolism in an animal. The polypeptides can be used to promote glucose uptake by animal adipocytes and other cells, tissues, and/or organs. The polypeptides can also used to provide a therapeutic treatment for diseases of or related to glucose metabolism and adipose tissues. The polypeptides are also incorporated into diagnostic tests and testing kits for diagnosing or detecting a disease or condition involving animal tissue that contains, uses, or expresses the polypeptide in an animal suspected of having the disease or condition.