Abstract: Methods and apparatus relating to predicting outcome in a sporting environment are described. The methods and apparatus are used to relate trajectory performance of an object to body motions and body orientation associated with a generating the trajectory of the object. When equipment is utilized to generate the trajectory of an object, than the effects of equipment motions and equipment orientation can be also related to trajectory performance. The method and apparatus can be used to predict body motions and body orientations that increase the likelihood of achieving a desired outcome including specifying optimum motions and orientations for a particular individual. The method and apparatus may be used in training, coaching and broadcasting environments.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus related to improving player performance for trajectory-based sports are described. In particular, sporting devices are described that can be utilized to improve player performance in basketball. The sporting devices can include a camera-based system configured to capture and analyze the trajectory of a shot taken by a player. The camera-based system can be configured to provide feedback that allows a player to optimize the trajectory mechanics associated with shooting a basketball. In one embodiment, the camera-based system can be used in conjunction with a training aid that is attached to a basketball rim. The training aid can be configured to improve the trajectory mechanics of individuals utilizing the modified basketball rim to practice their shooting.

Abstract: Systems and methods relating to evaluating the performance of a person playing basketball are described. The systems and methods can be used to provide an evaluation sequence that can determine and evaluate the performance level of a person at one or more basketball skills. The evaluation sequence for the person can include a first sequence of actions that are the same each person being evaluated for a particular skill and a second sequence of actions that is based on the results of the first sequence and may be different for each person. Once the first and second sequences have been completed by the person, the system can determine a performance level for the person for the skills being evaluated.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus relating to predicting outcome in a sporting environment are described. The methods and apparatus are used to relate trajectory performance of an object to body motions and body orientation associated with a generating the trajectory of the object. When equipment is utilized to generate the trajectory of an object, than the effects of equipment motions and equipment orientation can be also related to trajectory performance. The method and apparatus can be used to predict body motions and body orientations that increase the likelihood of achieving a desired outcome including specifying optimum motions and orientations for a particular individual. The method and apparatus may be used in training, coaching and broadcasting environments.

Abstract: Systems and methods relating to the tracking of the performance of a person playing basketball are described. The systems and methods can be used to determine and evaluate the shot placement of the basketball at the basketball hoop. The shot placement includes a lateral position and a depth position and is determined from a base point on the basketball hoop. The base point can correspond to the portion of the basketball hoop that is closest to the person's location on the basketball court when taking the shot. A placement map can be provided to the person that provides information on the person's shot placements so that the person can make adjustments to his/her shot placement and increase the probability of making a shot.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for determining reduced player performance during a sporting event. The system can use one or more sensors to capture information about actions such as shooting, dribbling, kicking and/or passing an object performed by the player and at least one processor to analyze the information in order to evaluate the player's performance. The system can determine and store at least one parameter indicative of the performance of the player in performing an action, and calculate based on the at least one stored parameter at least one value indicative of whether player intentionally underperformed the action and provide an output indicative of the assessment.

Abstract: A system for capturing and analyzing a trajectory of a tennis ball or other object associated with a play of a game of tennis and providing feedback is described. The system may be designed to capture and analyze a trajectory of a tennis ball during various activities related to the play of a game of tennis. The system may be configured to provide immediate feedback that may be utilized by a player to improve their performance as well as provide entertainment value above and beyond what is normally associated with the play of a game of tennis. Further, the system may be operable for use in an area where tennis is normally played during normal playing activities, such as player playing a game or practicing on an outdoor tennis court. The system may be operable to account for factors associated with its ambient environment, such as wind, temperature and humidity.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for tracking a dribbling and/or passing motion associated with a person engaged in either a training session for a sporting event or the live play of the sporting event. In sporting events, a dribbling motion can be associated with a repetitive movement or a short trajectory sequence between changes of direction of a ball, puck or other object used in the sporting event. A passing motion can be associated with the movement of the ball, puck or other object between two people during the sporting event. The system can use one or more sensors to capture information about a person dribbling and/or passing an object and at least one processor to analyze the information to determine and evaluate one or more characteristics associated with the dribbling, the passing motion, or a transition from dribbling to passing.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for tracking a dribbling and/or passing motion associated with a person engaged in either a training session for a sporting event or the live play of the sporting event. In sporting events, a dribbling motion can be associated with a repetitive movement or a short trajectory sequence between changes of direction of a ball, puck or other object used in the sporting event. A passing motion can be associated with the movement of the ball, puck or other object between two people during the sporting event. The system can use one or more sensors to capture information about a person dribbling and/or passing an object and at least one processor to analyze the information to determine and evaluate one or more characteristics associated with the dribbling, the passing motion, or a transition from dribbling to passing.

Abstract: Systems and methods relating to the tracking of the performance of a person playing basketball are described. The systems and methods can be used to determine and evaluate the shot placement of the basketball at the basketball hoop. The shot placement includes a lateral position and a depth position and is determined from a base point on the basketball hoop. The base point can correspond to the portion of the basketball hoop that is closest to the person's location on the basketball court when taking the shot. A placement map can be provided to the person that provides information on the person's shot placements so that the person can make adjustments to his/her shot placement and increase the probability of making a shot.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for tracking a dribbling motion associated with a person engaged in either a training session for a sporting event or the live play of the sporting event. In sporting events, a dribbling motion can be associated with a repetitive movement or a short trajectory sequence between changes of direction of a ball, puck or other object used in the sporting event. The repetitive movement or short trajectory sequence used for dribbling can involve an up-and-down movement such as in basketball or a back-and-forth movement such as in soccer or hockey. The system can use one or more cameras to capture images of a person dribbling an object and at least one processor to analyze the images to determine and evaluate one or more characteristics associated with the dribbling motion.

Abstract: A system uses a camera, a depth sensor, and a processing module to track a moving object in an athletic playing space over time. The processing module receives image frames from the camera and depth data from the depth sensor. The processing module analyzes the depth data to identify which of the pixels are in a plane of a sufficiently large size to indicate that the identified pixels correspond to a playing surface of the athletic playing space. The processing module then determines that gravity is in a direction normal to the identified plane. By finding the direction of gravity within the images, the algorithm for calculating performance parameters based on the trajectory of a moving object within the athletic playing space can be greatly simplified, thereby decreasing the processing burdens associated with calculating the performance parameters and providing more accurate trajectory estimations with fewer measured trajectory points.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for determining a trajectory of a axisymmetric object in 3-D physical space using a digital camera which records 2-D image data are described. In particular, based upon i) a characteristic length of the axisymmetric object, ii) a physical position of the camera determined from sensors associated with the camera (e.g., accelerometers) and iii) captured 2-D digital images from the camera including a time at which each image is generated relative to one another, a position, a velocity vector and an acceleration vector can be determined in three dimensional physical space for axisymmetric object objects as a function of time. In one embodiment, the method and apparatus can be applied to determine the trajectories of objects in games which utilize axisymmetric object objects, such as basketball, baseball, bowling, golf, soccer, rugby or football.

Abstract: A system for capturing and analyzing a trajectory of a tennis ball or other object associated with a play of a game of tennis and providing feedback is described. The system may be designed to capture and analyze a trajectory of a tennis ball during various activities related to the play of a game of tennis. The system may be configured to provide immediate feedback that may be utilized by a player to improve their performance as well as provide entertainment value above and beyond what is normally associated with the play of a game of tennis. Further, the system may be operable for use in an area where tennis is normally played during normal playing activities, such as player playing a game or practicing on an outdoor tennis court. The system may be operable to account for factors associated with its ambient environment, such as wind, temperature and humidity.

Abstract: A system for monitoring objects at sporting events or other types of events uses a wearable drone that has at least one camera or other sensor for capturing or otherwise sensing data. When the drone is to be used for monitoring, such as monitoring an object at a sporting event, the wearable drone may be detached from its user, and it may hover or otherwise fly within a certain position of an object to be monitored. While flying, the drone's sensor may be used to capture information, such as performance data or images, of the object during the sporting event.

Abstract: A system uses a camera, a depth sensor, and a processing module to track a moving object in an athletic playing space over time. The processing module receives image frames from the camera and depth data from the depth sensor. The processing module analyzes the depth data to identify which of the pixels are in a plane of a sufficiently large size to indicate that the identified pixels correspond to a playing surface of the athletic playing space. The processing module then determines that gravity is in a direction normal to the identified plane. By finding the direction of gravity within the images, the algorithm for calculating performance parameters based on the trajectory of a moving object within the athletic playing space can be greatly simplified, thereby decreasing the processing burdens associated with calculating the performance parameters and providing more accurate trajectory estimations with fewer measured trajectory points.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus relating to predicting outcome in a sporting environment are described. The methods and apparatus are used to relate trajectory performance of an object to body motions and body orientation associated with a generating the trajectory of the object. When equipment is utilized to generate the trajectory of an object, than the effects of equipment motions and equipment orientation can be also related to trajectory performance. The method and apparatus can be used to predict body motions and body orientations that increase the likelihood of achieving a desired outcome including specifying optimum motions and orientations for a particular individual. The method and apparatus may be used in training, coaching and broadcasting environments.

Abstract: A system for capturing and analyzing a trajectory of a tennis ball or other object associated with a play of a game of tennis and providing feedback is described. The system may be designed to capture and analyze a trajectory of a tennis ball during various activities related to the play of a game of tennis. The system may be configured to provide immediate feedback that may be utilized by a player to improve their performance as well as provide entertainment value above and beyond what is normally associated with the play of a game of tennis. Further, the system may be operable for use in an area where tennis is normally played during normal playing activities, such as player playing a game or practicing on an outdoor tennis court. The system may be operable to account for factors associated with its ambient environment, such as wind, temperature and humidity.

Abstract: A method in a video gaming system including a processor, a memory and a sensor system for capturing body motion is described. In one embodiment, the body motion can be associated with a person pretending to hit or launch an object, such as an object used in a sporting activity. In general, body motion can be associated with any activity involving similar body motions that are repeated during the activity. In a video game generated by the video gaming system, a consistency with which the repeated body motions are made over time can be used to determine an outcome for a single instance of the body motion. In a particular embodiment, a probability of a more desirable outcome resulting from the single instance of the body motion can increase as the consistency with which the repeated body motions are made increases.

Abstract: A disclosed device provides a trajectory detection and feedback system. The system is capable of detecting one or more moving objects in free flight, analyzing a trajectory of each object and providing immediate feedback information to a human that has launched the object into flight, and/or one or more observers in the area. In a particular embodiment, a non-intrusive machine vision system that remotely detects trajectories of moving objects may be used to evaluate trajectory parameters for a basketball shot at a basketball hoop by a player. The feedback information, such as a trajectory entry angle into the basketball hoop and/or an entry velocity into the hoop for the shot, may be output to the player in an auditory format using a sound projection device. The system may be operable to be set-up and to operate in a substantially autonomous manner.