Abstract: The present invention provides a spark plug coil and pressure sensor assembly for providing a spark to a cylinder of an internal combustion engine. The assembly comprises a spark plug configured for mounting in a cylinder and a pressure sensor associated with the spark plug configured to detect a pressure in the cylinder and generate a pressure signal in response thereto. The assembly includes a first electrically conductive ring connector configured to receive the pressure signal and a housing having a main axis and having at least one electrically conductive leaf spring member. The leaf spring member is configured to resiliently engage the first electrically conductive ring connector over a first predetermined circumferential angle relative to the main axis of the coil housing.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for securing a pour spout fitment to a panel of a filled and sealed thermoplastic-coated carton, wherein a machine 10 is mounted over a conveyor 12 conveying a line of cartons. Within the machine 10, a selected panel surface of each filled and sealed carton is heated to a predetermined temperature; next, at least an annular surface of a flange of the fitment is heated to a predetermined temperature. When the heated surface of the fitment is applied to the heated surface of the carton, the heat energy is transferred to the latter surface to an extent capable of activating the thermoplastic coating thereon. Upon pressing and cooling, the fitment and the carton surface are bonded together, without the need for a back-up or support mechanism, such as a mandrel or anvil. Alternatively, the fitment may be secured to the carton by way of a jetted-on, circular bead of hot melt adhesive.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for securing a pour spout fitment to a panel of a filled and sealed thermoplastic-coated carton, wherein a machine 10 is mounted over a conveyor 12 conveying a line of cartons. Within the machine 10, a selected panel surface of each filled and sealed carton is heated to a predetermined temperature; next, at least an annular surface of a flange of the fitment is heated to a predetermined temperature. When the heated surface of the fitment is applied to the heated surface of the carton, the heat energy is transferred to the latter surface to an extent capable of activating the thermoplastic coating thereon. Upon pressing and cooling, the fitment and the carton surface are bonded together, without the need for a back-up or support mechanism, such as a mandrel or anvil. Alternatively, the fitment may be secured to the carton by way of a jetted-on, circular bead of hot melt adhesive.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for securing a pour spout fitment to a panel of a filled and sealed thermoplastic-coated carton, wherein a machine 10 is mounted over a conveyor 12 conveying a line of cartons. Within the machine 10, a selected panel surface of each filled and sealed carton is heated to a predetermined temperature; next, at least an annular surface of a flange of the fitment is heated to a predetermined temperature. When the heated surface of the fitment is applied to the heated surface of the carton, the heat energy is transferred to the latter surface to an extent capable of activating the thermoplastic coating thereon. Upon pressing and cooling, the fitment and the carton surface are bonded together, without the need for a back-up or support mechanism, such as a mandrel or anvil. Alternatively, the fitment may be secured to the carton by way of a jetted-on, circular bead of hot melt adhesive.

Abstract: A gable-top carton has at least half, if not all, of its spout-forming, folded-in, top sealing panels (33) projecting above an adjacent non-folded-in top sealing panel (32) to permit a user to grasp that projection and pull it forward to open the spout. To provide a flattened gable-top carton, the other non-folded-in top sealing panel (34) may be extended to be tacked down onto an opposite top obturating panel (22) and be formed with a tear strip to facilitate detachment of the turned-down sealing fin (32-35) from the tacked-down part of that other non-folded-in top sealing panel (34) and to cover a pouring edge zone of the adjacent half of the spout-forming, top sealing panel (33). The carton can be made from an appropriately shaped and scored blank.

Abstract: An ignition coil for developing spark plug firing voltages. The magnetic current for the coil comprises an axially extending core that joins axially spaced annular parts. The core and parts can be formed of iron particles in a binder of electrical insulating material. A primary winding is disposed about the core and a secondary winding is disposed about the primary winding. An axially extending circular part that is formed of magnetic material is positioned to provide air gaps with outer surfaces of said annular parts. The circular part forms a shield that increases the capacitance of the secondary winding. The total stored magnetic energy does not vary substantially with variations in air gap length. The cross-sectional area A of the air gap is large as compared to the length L of the air gap so that the ratio A/L does not vary much with variations in L.

Abstract: The velocity head created at an inlet port of a spool valve decreases the static pressure head at the inlet. The valve is so constructed that the decrease in static pressure can act on only a very small effective area of the land side surface, with a substantial majority of the land side surface effective area being so positioned that it is not subject to the velocity pressure head and its lesser static pressure head. Therefore the majority of the effective land side wall area is not exposed to the decrease static pressure head, but is exposed primarily to the full static pressure head with virtually no velocity pressure head, as the opposite land. This therefore decreases the force differential tending to urge the spool valve toward the closed position and therefore decreases the amount of force which must be overcome to move the spool valve in an opening direction.