Abstract: In accordance with various embodiments herein, disclosed herein is an apparatus comprising an imaging probe-based device operably linked to an automated tracking system. Furthermore, in various embodiments, the apparatus may be used to track the position and movement of a handheld imaging probe, including with respect to a subject's 3D surface profile. In one embodiment, a device may be used to track the position and movement of a handheld imaging probe with respect to a subject's 3D surface profile, while simultaneously acquiring optical data.

Abstract: A low cost portable high speed quantitative system for diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging of human tissue. The hybrid system (CWFD) can measure absolute optical properties from 660 nm to 980 nm and recover all tissue chromophore concentrations. The standalone FD module can be utilized to measure scattering at every measurement and recover deoxygenated and oxygenated hemoglobin concentrations. The CW module can operate concurrently with the FD module to also measure water and lipid. The high temporal resolution and large signal-to-noise ratio of the CWFD system may be used to explore tissue oximetry, vascular occlusion, and paced breathing models to measure and analyze tissue hemodynamics response to changes in blood flow. Continuous monitoring of vasculature response to various modified blood perfusion conditions can provide information about local tissue metabolism and physiological state (dysfunction).

Abstract: A diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging (DOSI) apparatus for tissue spectroscopy measures absorption and scattering properties of tissue using multi-frequency frequency domain photon migration in a modular or networkable platform to provide full broadband information content. The apparatus includes: a broadband signal generator; a driver having an input coupled to the signal generator; a light source coupled to the driver, the light source for exposing the tissue to broadband modulated light at a plurality of wavelengths; an optical detector for receiving returned light from the tissue; an amplitude detection circuit communicated to the optical detector; a phase detection circuit communicated to the optical detector; and a plurality of filters and amplifiers, wherein the optical detector, amplitude detection circuit and phase detection circuit are interconnected with each other by corresponding ones of the plurality of filters and amplifiers to isolate signals and increase signal-to-noise ratio.

Abstract: A low cost portable high speed quantitative system for diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging of human tissue. The hybrid system (CWFD) can measure absolute optical properties from 660 nm to 980 nm and recover all tissue chromophore concentrations. The standalone FD module can be utilized to measure scattering at every measurement and recover deoxygenated and oxygenated hemoglobin concentrations. The CW module can operate concurrently with the FD module to also measure water and lipid. The high temporal resolution and large signal-to-noise ratio of the CWFD system may be used to explore tissue oximetry, vascular occlusion, and paced breathing models to measure and analyze tissue hemodynamics response to changes in blood flow. Continuous monitoring of vasculature response to various modified blood perfusion conditions can provide information about local tissue metabolism and physiological state (dysfunction).

Abstract: In accordance with various embodiments herein, disclosed herein is an apparatus comprising an imaging probe-based device operably linked to an automated tracking system. Furthermore, in various embodiments, the apparatus may be used to track the position and movement of a handheld imaging probe, including with respect to a subject's 3D surface profile. In one embodiment, a device may be used to track the position and movement of a handheld imaging probe with respect to a subject's 3D surface profile, while simultaneously acquiring optical data.

Abstract: A diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging (DOSI) apparatus for tissue spectroscopy measures absorption and scattering properties of tissue using multi-frequency frequency domain photon migration in a modular or networkable platform to provide full broadband information content. The apparatus includes: a broadband signal generator; a driver having an input coupled to the signal generator; a light source coupled to the driver, the light source for exposing the tissue to broadband modulated light at a plurality of wavelengths; an optical detector for receiving returned light from the tissue; an amplitude detection circuit communicated to the optical detector; a phase detection circuit communicated to the optical detector; and a plurality of filters and amplifiers, wherein the optical detector, amplitude detection circuit and phase detection circuit are interconnected with each other by corresponding ones of the plurality of filters and amplifiers to isolate signals and increase signal-to-noise ratio.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of a device and method for near-infrared imaging of a patients sinus cavities. The imaging can be used for diagnosis and monitoring of different conditions such as maxillary sinusitis. The system and method can use LEDs to provide near-infrared light through the tissue of a patient, where the light can be picked up by a camera. An iso-intensity contour line map can then be created for quantitative analysis.

Abstract: A diffuse optical spectroscopy system comprises a laser breast scanner, a handheld probe connected to the laser breast scanner for scanning a breast, and a tracking device coupled to the handheld probe, wherein the tracking device determines locations of the handheld probe relative to the breast. The tracking device comprises a magnetic tracking device, an optical tracking device or a laser tracking device.

Abstract: The illustrated embodiment is an improvement in a method of optically analyzing tissue in vivo in an individual to obtain a unique spectrum for the tissue of the individual, the improvement including the steps of optically measuring the tissue of the individual to obtain a spectrum of an optical parameter, and identifying a spectral signature specific to a metabolic or physiologic state in the tissue of the individual with a unique spectrum for the tissue by considering only the spectral differences between a first metabolic or physiologic state of the tissue of the individual and one or more other metabolic or physiologic states of the tissue of the individual such that identification of the spectral signature is self-referencing with respect to intra-individual metabolic or physiologic variations. The method also includes separating benign and malignant lesions only using the shape or a characteristic of the spectrum.

Abstract: A diffuse optical spectroscopy system comprises a laser breast scanner, a handheld probe connected to the laser breast scanner for scanning a breast, and a tracking device coupled to the handheld probe, wherein the tracking device determines locations of the handheld probe relative to the breast. The tracking device comprises a magnetic tracking device, an optical tracking device or a laser tracking device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for assessing bone tissue comprises the steps of and means for: exposing a sample to nonionizing radiation; detecting nonionizing radiation after transit in the bone tissue; measuring optical properties from the detected nonionizing radiation to characterize bone tissue across an entire selected spectral range using a continuous wave model, a frequency domain model or a combination of both wave model and frequency domain models; and determining composition, structure, physiology or a combination thereof of bone tissue from the measured optical properties.

Abstract: A method for noninvasively determining deep tissue temperature comprises measuring data relating to spectral shifts of chromophore absorption in tissue using broadband diffuse optical spectroscopy and generating a temperature reading corresponding to the spectral shift of an absorption peak of the chromophore. A bound water correction is made to the spectral shift. A frequency domain measurement at multiple wavelengths is made to determine the absolute absorption and scattering values between 600 and 1050 nm. The measurement of an absolute absorption comprises measuring an absolute absorption coefficient of selected tissue and further comprising deducing concentrations of tissue composition including lipids, deducing information related to heterogeneity and integrity of tissue matrix, and deducing temperature heterogeneity related to vulnerable plaque in vascular tissue. The measurement comprises making a measurement in the range of 600-1100 nm to interrogate a vessel wall in the presence of blood.

Abstract: A device and method utilizes a broadband diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS) system to dynamically calculate the concentrations of multiple chromophores in vivo using a non-invasive probe. The device and method permit dynamic monitoring of multiple in vivo tissue chromophores non-invasively with sensitivities necessary for effective therapeutic monitoring. The device includes a probe containing first and second source optical fibers as well as first and second detector optical fibers. The probe is placed adjacent to a sample of interest and detects reflected light which is passed to a proximally located detector and spectrometer. The concentrations of multiple chromophores are determined in real time. In a preferred embodiment, the multiple tissue chromophores include at least two of methemoglobin (MetHb), deoxyhemoglobin (Hb-R), oxyhemoglobin (Hb-O2), water (H2O), and methylene blue (MB).