Abstract: Described are compositions containing quinones that show activity in enhance DNA repair and/or prevent damage to DNA and/or upregulate genes associated with wound healing. The quinones are thymoquinone, lapachol, myrtucommulone C, or mixtures thereof, and can be formulated into cosmetic compositions for topical administration to a subject in need thereof. The cosmetic compositions can also include sunscreens, surfactants, sunless tanning agents, desquamation agents, antiperspirants, colorants, preservatives and mixtures; and a cosmetically acceptable carrier. The compositions should find use in methods for treating the signs of ageing in mammals, dermatitis and wound healing via topical application to a site in need thereof, such as the skin or hair of the mammals or a wound site.

Abstract: Described are compositions containing quinones that show activity in enhance DNA repair and/or prevent damage to DNA and/or upregulate genes associated with wound healing. The quinones are thymoquinone, lapachol, myrtucommulone C, or mixtures thereof, and can be formulated into cosmetic compositions for topical administration to a subject in need thereof. The cosmetic compositions can also include sunscreens, surfactants, sunless tanning agents, desquamation agents, antiperspirants, colorants, preservatives and mixtures; and a cosmetically acceptable carrier. The compositions should find use in methods for treating the signs of ageing in mammals, dermatitis and wound healing via topical application to a site in need thereof, such as the skin or hair of the mammals or a wound site.

Abstract: Described are compositions containing quinones that show activity in enhance DNA repair and/or prevent damage to DNA. The quinones are thymoquinone, lapachol, myrtucommulone C, or mixtures thereof, and can be formulated into cosmetic compositions for topical administration to a subject in need thereof. The cosmetic compositions can also include sunscreens, surfactants, sunless tanning agents, desquamation agents, antiperspirants, colorants, preservatives and mixtures; and a cosmetically acceptable carrier. The compositions should find use in methods for treating the signs of ageing in mammals via topical application to the skin or hair of the mammals.

Abstract: Described are compositions containing quinones that show activity in enhance DNA repair and/or prevent damage to DNA. The quinones are thymoquinone, lapachol, myrtucommulone C, or mixtures thereof, and can be formulated into cosmetic compositions for topical administration to a subject in need thereof. The cosmetic compositions can also include sunscreens, surfactants, sunless tanning agents, desquamation agents, antiperspirants, colorants, preservatives and mixtures; and a cosmetically acceptable carrier. The compositions should find use in methods for treating the signs of ageing in mammals via topical application to the skin or hair of the mammals.

Abstract: Described are compositions containing quinones that show activity in enhance DNA repair and/or prevent damage to DNA and/or upregulate genes associated with wound healing. The quinones are thymoquinone, lapachol, myrtucommulone C, or mixtures thereof, and can be formulated into cosmetic compositions for topical administration to a subject in need thereof. The cosmetic compositions can also include sunscreens, surfactants, sunless tanning agents, desquamation agents, antiperspirants, colorants, preservatives and mixtures; and a cosmetically acceptable carrier. The compositions should find use in methods for treating the signs of ageing in mammals, dermatitis and wound healing via topical application to a site in need thereof, such as the skin or hair of the mammals or a wound site.

Abstract: Described are compositions containing quinones that show activity in enhance DNA repair and/or prevent damage to DNA. The quinones are thymoquinone, lapachol, myrtucommulone C, or mixtures thereof, and can be formulated into cosmetic compositions for topical administration to a subject in need thereof. The cosmetic compositions can also include sunscreens, surfactants, sunless tanning agents, desquamation agents, antiperspirants, colorants, preservatives and mixtures; and a cosmetically acceptable carrier. The compositions should find use in methods for treating the signs of ageing in mammals via topical application to the skin or hair of the mammals.

Abstract: A system and method generate a structure activity relationship model to determine whether unknown chemical compounds are of a desired classification where the structure activity relationship model is based on a set of known chemical compounds having known structural and/or biological descriptors. A system and method utilize a structure activity relationship model to determine whether unknown chemical compounds are of the desired classification, where descriptors of the known chemical compounds are compared to structural and/or biological descriptors of the unknown chemical compounds to determine whether the test chemical compounds are of the desired classification. A system and method generate a structure activity relationship model to study how particular agents may induce disease or act as therapeutic agents. The model may also be used to study how groups of agents induce disease or act as therapeutic agents and to study the etiology and treatment of disease in general.

Abstract: A disk drive system has a servo pattern with bursts that are recorded without multiple passes per burst and without trimming, so that the servo pattern bursts have the same width as the data tracks. The servo write steps occur in partial data track pitch (DTP) increments. A magneto-resistive (M-R) head is used to both record the servo pattern and transduce it. In a two-frequency system, relative gain calibration is performed using AGC circuitry to first calibrate one frequency and then the other. The resulting servo position error sensing (PES) signal has improved linearity and is simpler to write.

Abstract: In a ultra high density, multiple-disk drive, track switches within a cylinder of tracks as well as track switches to tracks on other cylinders both require a movement of the head stack actuator. Track switching latency in such a disk drive is reduced by overlapping pre-movement portions of the track switching process with the data transfer operation of the currently active recording head. In addition, post-movement portions of the track switching process are overlapped with the movement of the heads so that the next selected read/write head may begin a data transfer operation immediately upon arrival at the next track. Further, the pre-movement and post-movement portions of the track-switch process may be overlapped with low displacement movement of the read/write heads relative to the currently active track or the next track.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for storing predefined information with error correcting code (ECC) in a direct access storage device are provided. Predetermined information is identified and loaded to an ECC generator for customer data to be read and written. The identified predetermined information includes an address for customer data to be read and written. The customer data is written and loaded in parallel to the ECC generator. Then the generated ECC that reflects the pre-loaded predetermined information is written at the end of the written customer data. The customer data and ECC is read and loaded in parallel to the ECC generator. Errors in the predetermined information that is not written to the disk surface, can be detected from the read ECC.

Abstract: A disk drive system has a servo pattern with bursts that are recorded without multiple passes per burst and without trimming, so that the servo pattern bursts have the same width as the data tracks. The servo write steps occur in partial data track pitch (DTP) increments. A magneto-resistive (M-R) head is used to both record the servo pattern and transduce it. In a two-frequency system, relative gain calibration is performed using AGC circuitry to first calibrate one frequency and then the other. The resulting servo position error sensing (PES) signal has improved linearity and is simpler to write.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for write precompensation in a direct access storage device are provided. A data write encoder generates a data signal to be written. A write precompensation delay circuit is coupled to the data encoder for receiving and delaying the data signal. The write precompensation delay circuit includes a first delay path and a second delay path in parallel with the first delay path. The first delay path and the second delay path have different delay values. In one arrangement, both the first delay path and the second delay path include a plurality of delay cells connected together in a chain. The delay cells of the first delay path have a first predetermined delay value and the delay cells of the second delay path have a second predetermined delay value. A ratio of the second predetermined delay value to the first predetermined value is set equal to one of approximately 3/2, 4/3, 5/4, 6/5, or 7/6.

Abstract: A multipath channel apparatus for a data storage device wherein data is stored on a storage medium and is read from the storage medium by a transducer or for a data communications system wherein data is transmitted to a receiver. A data channel having a plurality of data paths is operatively connected to the transducer to receive data read from the storage medium by the transducer, or operatively connected to receive data demodulated by the receiver or base band data received by the receiver. Preferably, each of the data paths has a differing parameter value. An error checking unit checks customer and redundancy data from each of the data paths. A selecting unit, which is responsive to the error checking unit, selects data from one of the data paths. In a preferred embodiment, the data stored on a storage medium includes a data field and an error correcting code field, and the customer and redundancy data from each of the data paths is checked using a calculated error correcting code sydrome.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a multiple-stage actuator for a disk drive which does not require an additional sensor for measuring the relative position between adjacent actuator stages. In a two-stage actuator system, a position-type secondary actuator (SA) rides piggyback on a primary actuator (PA). The repeatable runout is measured and used as a feedforward signal to the PA. If the PA is a rotary actuator, the feedforward signal is preferably arc corrected for the arc that the head transverses from the inner radius to the outer radius of the disk. Added to the feedforward signal is the moving average of the drive signal applied to the SA. Because the SA is of the position-type having a neutral position, this moving average is proportional to the time cumulative drift present in the two-stage actuator system, and forces the PA in a direction that minimizes deviation of the SA from its neutral position.

Abstract: Rotary actuator arc compensation correction method and apparatus are provided for a direct access storage device (DASD). A reference feedforward correction signal is generated at each of a plurality of sectors around a predetermined track on a disk surface. A specific selected track is identified, and both magnitude and phase of the generated reference feedforward correction signal are modified to correct for the arced trajectory caused by the rotary actuator at the specific selected track. Improved actuator servo control is provided by using pseudo sector compensation to interpolate the feedforward correction signal between servo sectors.

Abstract: A method and apparatus adaptively controls the bias supply source for magnetoresistive (MR) read heads within a Direct Access Storage Device (DASD) to provide an optimized bias level for the ambient temperature. An optimal bias level for a given ambient temperature is provided in real time by sensing a temperature within a thermal path to the head (e.g., the ambient temperature surrounding the head) and adjusting the bias supply level to the maximum allowable level for that temperature. This adjustable bias level will thereby enhance MR transducer head sensitivity, improve the signal-to-noise ratio, and also reduce errors in reading data from magnetic storage media within the DASD. The maximum allowable bias supply source level is controlled so as to preserve the overall life expectancy of the MR heads.

Abstract: Disclosed is a disk drive having at least one disk for storing data. The disk drive includes at least one transducer for reading or writing data to or from the disk. The transducer is attached to an actuator which positions the transducer with respect to the disk. The actuator includes a controllable motor which is used to move the actuator and the transducer attached thereto. The disk drive also includes a ramp for off loading the transducer or for parking the transducer off of the surface of the disk. Also disclosed is apparatus and methods for measuring and controlling the movement of the actuator and attached transducer while the transducer is coming from a position off of the ramp and onto the surface of the disk.

Abstract: A magnetic head including a shielded MR element which incorporates a low reluctance path between the shields to reduce interference picked up by inductive reading of the shields. The low reluctance path is provided outside a conductive loop of material which includes the MR element and its associated leads. The low reluctance path may include a magnetic short between the two shields.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a multiple-stage actuator for a disk drive which does not require an additional sensor for measuring the relative position between adjacent actuator stages. In a two-stage actuator system, a position-type secondary actuator (SA) rides piggyback on a primary actuator (PA). The repeatable runout is measured and used as a feedforward signal to the PA. If the PA is a rotary actuator, the feedforward signal is preferably arc corrected for the arc that the head transverses from the inner radius to the outer radius of the disk. Added to the feedforward signal is the moving average of the drive signal applied to the SA. Because the SA is of the position-type having a neutral position, this moving average is proportional to the time cumulative drift present in the two-stage actuator system, and forces the PA in a direction that minimizes deviation of the SA from its neutral position.

Abstract: A rigid disk drive unit includes head assemblies having both inductive and magnetoresistive heads. When information is read from a disk surface, signals from the inductive head and the magnetoresistive head are combined to provide an output signal, thereby to overcome disadvantages of using either signal alone. The relative contributions of the magnetoresistive and inductive signals are varied to optimize performance depending on the radial position of the head assembly over a magnetic disk and upon whether the information being read is data or servo position information. The inductive signal is ignored during data recovery procedure head shift operations.