Abstract: In the method of treating internal body tissue, the steps that include providing an endoscope having a viewing channel, with an elongated optical stem, associated with the channel, and defining a longitudinal axis; providing a longitudinally elongated sheath received on a stem and supported for controlled rotation about an axis and into selected angular position relative to a support, to gain access to the selected urethral tissue zone to be treated; providing means to be rotated with the sheath to be targeted toward and to eject flowable treatment material onto or into tissue at a zone; and rotating the sheath and ejecting treatment material at a selected zone.

Abstract: A goniometer responsive to the direction and angularity of movement of the protruding end of a rod that is partially inserted into the female urethra following a pelvic exertion. It includes a spirit level to establish a horizontal reference axis, and angle-measurement means to show the initial angle of the rod before exertion, and the new angle caused by the exertion.

Abstract: A pressure sensing catheter includes a pressure sensor within the length of a hollow catheter insertable into the human body. The catheter has a surrounding circumferential pressure transmitting membrane that is exposed to the region whose pressure is being measured. The membrane bears against a cantilevered shutter whose excursion into a gap in an optical fiber varies the amount of light transmitted by the fiber as a function of the external pressure.

Abstract: A catheter incorporates a pair of flexible conduits which are structurally united over a major portion of their length where bending is likely to occur during use so they both undergo the same deformations. Each conduit contains an aqueous column that terminates at a meniscus. The meniscus interfaces directly with a column of a different liquid which is insoluble in and immiscible with the liquid in the aqueous column. One of the conduits is a pressure responsive conduit and the other is a stagnant conduit.

Abstract: A medical catheter comprising a tube having an internal lumen with an internal wall in which a rigid insert is fitted between lengths of the tube. The rigid insert is overlapped by the ends of the lengths of the tube and the lengths are spaced apart. The insert has an internal chamber with a port through its wall entering into the spacing between the two ends. A flexible membrane extends entirely around the periphery of the spacing and overlaps the ends of the lengths, thereby closing the spacing and retaining liquid within the spacing and the chamber. The chamber is closed as each end by a respective closure, one of which is flexibly responsive to internal pressure in the chamber.