Abstract: The invention relates to optoelectronic systems for detecting one or more target particles. The system includes a reaction chamber, a specimen collector, an optical detector, and a reservoir containing cells, each of the cells having receptors which are present on the surface of each cell and are specific for the target particle to be detected, where binding of the target particle to the receptors directly or indirectly activates a reporter molecule, thereby producing a measurable optical signal.

Abstract: A pulse measurement method is applied to test devices such as high power FET transistors for measuring DC device parameters as well as for measuring S parameters during AC testing. The method uses an input gate bias tee for applying an accurately shaped pulsed input, a sensing bias tee for sensing terminal voltages, such as drain voltages for an FET, and a drive bias tee for coupling in a feedback signal provided by an active feedback circuit receiving AC coupled input error signal of the DC terminal voltage and for providing a drive signal as an error signal so as to maintain the applied DC test voltages at stable levels for improved accuracy.

Abstract: A feed-forward linearization of a traveling wave tube amplifier linearizes the transfer function of the tube through a linearization voltage derived at baseband from the instantaneous amplitude of the input signal to control the cathode voltage causing induced phase modulation to offset the normal amplitude modulation to phase modulation conversion distortion. The feed forward linearization control results in reduced distortion for improved phase linearization of the tube over the operating range of the tube.