Abstract: A method for matching a two dimensional image to one of a plurality of three dimensional candidate models.

Abstract: An efficient computation of low-dimensional linear subspaces that optimally contain the set of images that are generated by varying the illumination impinging on the surface of a three-dimensional object for many different relative positions of that object and the viewing camera. The matrix elements of the spatial covariance matrix for an object are calculated for an arbitrary pre-determined distribution of illumination conditions. The maximum complexity is reduced for the model by approximating any pair of normal-vector and albedo from the set of all such pairs of albedo and normals with the centers of the clusters that are the result of the vector quantization of this set. For an object, a viewpoint-independent covariance matrix whose complexity is large, but practical, is constructed and diagonalized off-line. A viewpoint-dependent covariance matrix is computed from the viewpoint-independent diagonalization results and is diagonalized online in real time.

Abstract: Rollers and cylinders that are useable in a rotary printing presses are made using hollow tubular casings having metallic foam cores. The casings and cores are made separately. The cores are then placed inside the casing and the two are secured in a force-transmitting manner.

Abstract: Rollers and cylinders that are useable in a rotary printing presses are made using hollow tubular casings having metallic foam cores. The casings and cores are made separately. The cores are then placed inside the casing and the two are secured in a force-transmitting manner.

Abstract: An efficient computation of low-dimensional linear subspaces that optimally contain the set of images that are generated by varying the illumination impinging on the surface of a three-dimensional object for many different relative positions of that object and the viewing camera. The matrix elements of the spatial covariance matrix for an object are calculated for an arbitrary pre-determined distribution of illumination conditions. The maximum complexity is reduced for the model by approximating any pair of normal-vector and albedo from the set of all such pairs of albedo and normals with the centers of the clusters that are the result of the vector quantization of this set. For an object, a viewpoint-independent covariance matrix whose complexity is large, but practical, is constructed and diagonalized off-line. A viewpoint-dependent covariance matrix is computed from the viewpoint-independent diagonalization results and is diagonalized online in real time.

Abstract: Rollers and cylinders that are useable in rotary printing presses are made using hollow tubular casing having metallic foam cores. The casings and cores are made separately. The cores are then placed inside the casing and the two are secured together in a force-transmitting manner.

Abstract: Rollers and cylinders that are useable in rotary printing presses are made using hollow tubular casings having metallic foam cores. The casings and cores are made separately. The cores are then placed inside the casing and the two are secured together in a force-transmitting manner.

Abstract: An ink duct for use with a screen roller which comprises a working doctor blade and a closing doctor blade, wherein the working doctor blade has one or both sides partially or completely coated with an unreleasable coating of a low surface energy substance having a surface energy of 10 to 60 mN/m. This coating prevents disruptive ink deposits from forming on the side of the working doctor blade opposite to the ink retaining portion of the ink duct and reaching the doctored surface of the ink metering roller in an uncontrolled or random manner.

Abstract: An ink duct for a rotary printing press wherein all or some of the surfaces of the ink duct are permanently coated with a substance which has a low surface energy of between 10 and 60 mN/m. As well as enabling the ink duct to be cleaned easily, the blending of the printing ink is improved owing to the reduced frictional resistance of the coated parts, which in turn leads to more uniform use of the ink-metering roller.

Abstract: An inker unit for a printing unit of a web-fed rotary printing press has a pair of ink application rollers in direct contact with a forme cylinder and with a central, ink receiving roller. A pair of inking rollers are also in direct contact with the ink receiving roller, and in indirect contact with the ink application rollers through riding rollers. The ink application rollers are thus inked both directly and indirectly from the ink receiving roller.

Abstract: A flexible plate is securable to a cylinder by insertion of fastening tabs, provided on beveled or angled ends of the plate, into cooperatively shaped end positioned pockets on the cylinder surface. The pockets may be formed by insert strips that utilize spaced tines to define the individual pockets.

Abstract: Finely divided powdery materials such as, e.g., precipitated silica are granulated by means of two rolls, one of which has a filter surface and the other has a profiled covering, in which the shafts of these rolls are arranged vertically one above the other and the finely divided powdery material is introduced into the gap between the rolls by means of at least one feed screw.

Abstract: A cutting tool or pick on a rotary excavating head has a substantially flat body with leading and trailing flanks, one of these flanks having an arcuate recess or projection matingly engaged by a complementarily curved formation on an adjacent wall of a pocket of a tool holder defining therewith a rotary joint about which the body of the pick is swingable upon insertion of its shank into the pocket. A screw clamp inside the pocket wedges the pick firmly in a position which in one embodiment is adjustable by the provision of a toothed and an indented surface of the rotary joint enabling selective interfitting. The pick may be further braced by one or more additional screws threaded into it and bearing upon other pocket walls.

Abstract: A silicic acid filter cake and suspension agent are fed to a container equipped with a stirrer having a peripheral speed of about 20-30 m/sec. The ratio of container diameter to stirrer diameter is about 3:1. The ratio of container diameter to level of filling is a maximum of about 1:2. The container contains at least about 1.5 to about 2 kg of silicic acid suspension, for each 1 kg of silicic acid filter cake which is added to the container. The contents of the container is mixed while maintaining a pH of at most about 4. A portion of the resulting silicic acid suspension is drawn off from the zone of highest turbulence in the container. An apparatus for carrying out the process is provided.

Abstract: A finely divided silicic acid having a pH>6 is prepared by spray drying, in the presence of a base or basic-reacting substance, a highly concentrated silicic acid suspension having excess, unwanted acidity.

Abstract: Chemically resistant coatings comprise a binder, the major portion of which is prepared by reacting, in the presence of an acidic solution, trialkoxysilanes with aliphatic polyols and/or silicone intermediates. The silanes have the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl and cycloalkyl groups containing up to about 6 carbon atoms and each R.sub.2 is independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl and hydroxyalkoxyalkyl groups containing up to about 6 carbon atoms. The aliphatic polyols contain an average of at least two carbon bonded hydroxyl groups per polyol. The silicone intermediates have the formula ##STR2## WHERE EACH R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of the hydroxy group and alkyl, aryl, and alkoxy groups having up to about 6 carbon atoms. Each R.sub.4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl and aryl groups having up to about 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for threading web materials for use in a web-fed rotary printing press is disclosed. A plurality of finite length, flexible conveyors are secured to the press frame, extend between first and second storage devices, and are guided by suitable guides. Drive motors for transporting the conveyors are positioned at either end of the path of web threading and additional drive motors are positioned intermediate the end motors. The web to be transported is secured to the conveyor and suitable ones of the drive motors are actuated to withdraw the conveyor from the first storage device and into the second storage device whereby the web attached thereto is threaded through the assembly. The path of web threading may be varied by connecting various of the conveyors which extend along differing paths through the press.

Abstract: A silicic acid filter cake and suspension agent are fed to a container equipped with a stirrer having a peripheral speed of about 20-30 m/sec. The ratio of container diameter to stirrer diameter is about 3:1. The ratio of container diameter to level of filling is at most about 1:2. The container contains at least about 1.5 to about 2 kg of silicic acid suspension, for each 1 kg of silicic acid filter cake which is added to the container. The contents of the container is mixed while maintaining a pH of at most about 4. A portion of the resulting silicic acid suspension is drawn off from the zone of highest turbulence in the container.

Abstract: Compositions for protecting materials from growth of pestiferous organisms, and particularly for protecting marine surfaces from fouling organisms, are formed from precursors having the formula ##STR1## where m is from 1 to about 10, where each X is independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl and alkoxyalkyl radicals containing less than about 6 carbon atoms and Y, where Y has the formula ##STR2## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, and aryl radicals, where R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 contain in combination up to about 18 carbon atoms. The ratio of the tin atoms to silicon atoms in the precursors is at least about 1:50.The precursors can be directly used as an additive for coatings. The precursors can also be used by subjecting them to hydrolysis and polycondensation to form an organotin substituted polysiloxane for use as an additive and a binder for coatings.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in trimming the edges of folded signatures produced in web-fed rotary printing presses is disclosed. The signatures, which may exit from the printing press folder in an overlapping array, are supported from below by a conveyor belt or belts and are held from above by coacting hold-down belts. The signatures so positioned are moved past rotating chipping or cutting tools which remove excess material from the edges of the signatures. Either one or two chipping or cutting tools can be used and the apparatus is capable of trimming without reducing the production speed of the press which may be in the range of 40,000 signatures/hour.