Abstract: Water-dilutable printing ink binder system based on a binder in the form of a clear, dilute, ammoniacal or amine-containing solution, the binder being a product of reacting a natural resin acid and formaldhyde in at least one stage, the amount of (100% strength) formaldehyde being 1 to 25% by weight, based on the natural resin acid, and the reaction having been carried out under atmospheric or superatmospheric pressure in the absence or in the presence of 0.1 to 2% by weight of a lewis catalyst. A variant comprises partially esterifying the natural resin acid/formaldehyde reaction product with at least one polycarboxylic acid unit of the group (a) an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and/or the anhydride thereof and (b) a hydroxycarboxylic acid. The binder system has added to it as solubilizers monohydric and/or polyhydric alcohols, and the pH value is preferably set to 7.5 to 10.

Abstract: Water-dilutable printing ink binder system based on a binder in the form of a clear, dilute, ammoniacal or amine-containing solution, the binder being a product of reacting a natural resin acid and formaldehyde in at least one stage, the amount of (100% strength) formaldehyde being 1 to 25% by weight, based on the natural resin acid, and the reaction having been carried out under atmospheric or superatmospheric pressure in the absence or in the presence of 0.1 to 2% by weight of a Lewis catalyst. A variant comprises partially esterifying the natural resin acid/formaldehyde reaction product with at least one polycarboxylic acid unit of the group (a) an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and/or the anhydride thereof and (b) a hydroxycarboxylic acid. The binder system has added to it as solubilizers monohydric and/or polyhydric alcohols, and the pH value is preferably set to 7.5 to 10.

Abstract: Process for preparing printing ink binders based on reaction products of (a) natural resins, (b) other synthetic resins, (c) .alpha.,.beta.-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid units and (d) calcium compounds and, if appropriate, other compounds of metals of group II of the periodic system.The compounds (a) to (c) are reacted to give a product having an acid number of 75 to 150, which is then reacted with metal compounds in such a way that the acid number is reduced by at least one third. Unreacted metal compounds present in the resulting reaction product are then converted by means of acetic acid, via acetates, into salts of the resins. The resulting binders are used for preparing printing inks.

Abstract: Process for preparing printing ink binders based on reaction products of (a) natural resins, a copolymer (b+c) of (b) polymerizable hydrocarbons having isolated C.sub.5 rings and (c) .alpha.,.beta.-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid units and (d) calcium compounds and, if appropriate, other compounds of metals of group II of the periodic system.The compounds (a) to (c) are reacted to give a product having an acid number of 75 to 150, which is then reacted with metal compounds in such a way that the acid number is reduced by at least one third. Unreacted metal compounds present in the resulting reaction product are then converted by means of acetic acid, via acetates, into salts of the resins. The resulting binders are used for preparing printing inks.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a modified hydrocarbon resin suitable for use as a binder in a printing ink from a hydrocarbon resin (I) relatively unsuitable for use as a binder in a printing ink and having a melting point of at most 110.degree. C. which comprises reacting in at least one step in any desired sequence a reactant selected from the group consisting of(I) at least one hydrocarbon resin based on at least one polymerizable hydrocarbon monomer selected from the group consisting of(a) 20 to 100% by weight, referred to the total of polymerizable monomers, of hydrocarbon fractions containing substantial and essential amounts of C.sub.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a modified hydrocarbon resin free of indene. This resin is suitable for use as a binder in a printing ink. It is made from a hydrocarbon resin which is relatively unsuitable for use as a binder in a printing ink.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of partial esters and partial salts with divalent metal compounds of reaction products of natural resinic acids and unsaturated dicarboxylic acids which typically comprises the following steps:(a) reacting a natural resinic acid with an olefinically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid;(b) partially neutralizing the product of step (a) with a calcium compound;(c) partially esterifying the product of step (b) with a polyhydric alcohol;(d) reacting the product of step (c) with a resol or a mixture of resols; and(e) continuing the reaction of step (d) to complete partial salt formation and partial esterification.The product is useful for printing inks.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of resinous products which comprises(a) reacting in a first step, at least one natural resinic acid with 7.5 to 12% by weight, referred to the weight of the natural resinic acids, of a polymeric formaldehyde at a superatmospheric pressure and at a temperature of from 100.degree. to 200.degree. C.,(b) in a second stage, increasing the temperature to at least 200.degree. C., but by at least 20.degree. C., and continuing the reaction at atmospheric pressure to yield a partial esterified product having an acid number of 115 to 135,(c) reacting the reaction product obtained from (b) at a temperature of at least 200.degree. C. with an amount of an alkaline-reacting calcium compound sufficient to yield a partial calcium salt having a calcium content of from 3.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a modified hydrocarbon resin suitable for use as a binder in a printing ink from a hydrocarbon resin (I) relatively unsuitable for use as a binder in a printing ink and having a melting point of at most 110.degree. C. which comprises reacting in at least one step and in any desired sequence (I) as defined below with (II) approximately 3-20% as much by weight of a dicarboxylic acid unit as defined below and with (III) approximately 1-100% as much by weight of an alkyl phenol-aldehyde resin or its equivalent as defined belowwherein(I) is a hydrocarbon resin containing at most 20% by weight of indene or methyl indene units and is based on a considerable proportion of polymerizable hydrocarbon monomers containing about 5 to 11 carbon atoms and at most 20% by weight of indene or methyl indene(II) is selected from the group consisting of(IIa) an .alpha., .beta.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a printing ink binder which comprises simultaneously reacting (1) at least one hydrocarbon resin containing a predominant number of units of cyclopentadiene or derivatives thereof and having a bromine in the range 50 to 200, (2) at least one phenol-aldehyde component selected from the group consisting of a phenol-aldehyde condensation product and precursors therefor, the phenol content of which component consists predominantly of at least one phenol substituted by a hydrocarbon group, and (3) a natural resin component selected from the group consisting of a natural resinic acid, an ester and a metal salt thereof, said reaction mixture being free from .alpha.,.beta.-olefinically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof and a printing ink composition containing said binder in combination with a pigment and a non-aqueous medium.

Abstract: A printing ink binder comprising a reaction product ofI a natural resin,Ii(a) a phenol-formaldehyde resol,(b) the components of II(a),(c) a combination of II(a) and II(b) andIii a compound of a metal of Group II of the Periodic Table according to Mendelejev,Which reaction product has a viscosity of from 40 to 600 cP (50% toluene/20.degree. C), a content of phenol units of from 0.3 to 25% by weight based on the weight of component I, a total amount of at least two metals of from 3 to 12% by weight based on component I, at least 60% by weight of the metal of the salt groups of the reaction product being calcium and at least 5% by weight being at least one metal selected from the group consisting of magnesium and zinc, and the total amount of formaldehyde used is between 0.9 and 4 mol/mol phenol and a composition comprising said binder.

Abstract: A pigment compositon in powder or paste form, which comprises, as a preparation agent, a mixture consisting of (a) an alkyd resin having a high oil content, (b) a hydrocarbon resin, (c) a mineral oil boiling between 240.degree. and 320.degree.C, the ratio of component (a) to component (b) being from 1 : 1 to 1 : 1.5 and that of components (a)+(b) to component (c) varying from 4 : 1 to 0.7 : 1. This pigment composition is used in printing inks.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a modified natural resin product wherein (a) a natural resin is reacted with (b) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer capable of being added to a natural resin, having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms and being free from carboxylic groups and anhydride groups, and (c) and more than 5%, referred to the weight of the natural resin, of an .alpha.,.beta.-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof yielding carboxylic groups under the reaction conditions. The invention is also concerned with resinous compositions, particularly adhesives and printing inks.