Abstract: A method for teaching an electronic computing device includes at least a machine learning algorithm for predicting a position-based propagation of radio waves in an environment, including the steps of: providing a mathematical model for the position-based propagation, wherein the mathematical model includes at least a physical model for the position-based propagation in the environment generating training data for the machine learning algorithm including a propagation field and/or a propagation domain; training the machine learning algorithm by fitting the training data to a partial derivative of the machine learning algorithm; and obtaining a prediction of a propagation loss by a weighted sum of multiple evaluations of the trained machine learning algorithm. Furthermore, provided is a computer program product, a computer-readable storage medium as well as an electronic computing device.

Abstract: For performing a small data transmission triggered in an inactive state of a user equipment (S701, S703), a first transmission method or a second transmission method is selected at least based on a cell of a cellular communication system in which the small data transmission is to be performed by the user equipment (S705). Then the small data transmission is performed using the selected first or second transmission method (S707).

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for data transmission with stateless routing are provided. Certain embodiments may include a radio resource control (RRC)-less or RRC-based mechanism for short data transmission (SDT) in an RRC inactive state, where the mechanism may be performed without storing or establishing a UE context in a distributed unit (DU), for a UE served by a single CU-user plane (UP). Certain embodiments may include a RRC-less mechanism for SDT in an RRC inactive state, where the authentication of the user equipment (UE) may be performed at the UP using UP integrity protection (IP) in a CU-UP. Certain embodiments may include a RRC-based mechanism for SDT in an RRC inactive state, where the authentication of the UE may be performed at the UP using UP IP in a CU-UP and/or at the CP using CP IP in a CU-CP.