Abstract: A multimodality treatment plan including one or more of, for example, surgery, radiotherapy and a systemic treatment such as chemotherapy, may be obtained by robust co-optimization of two or more plans taking into account uncertainties affecting each treatment modality as well as uncertainties resulting from the combination of the modalities. Scenarios may be defined for the different uncertainties to be used in the optimization. The plans may be optimized simultaneously, or one plan may be optimized considering the predicted effect of another plan of another modality.

Abstract: A computer-based method of optimizing a radiotherapy treatment plan for treating a patient involving radiation being delivered by a beam describing an arc is defined, the method including defining at least a first and a second part of the arc, the first part being a first sector of the arc and the second part being a second sector or a static beam, obtaining an optimization problem including at least a first optimization function for the first part, and a second optimization function for the second part and optimizing the radiotherapy treatment plan based on the optimization problem.

Abstract: A method of creating an ion-based radiotherapy treatment plan includes a spot-weight optimization procedure arranged to create the plan involving an arc as a combination of one or more sub-arcs and possibly a static beam wherein the one or more sub-arcs either overlap or have different directions. The method includes selecting the first and second sets of energy levels together.

Abstract: A computer-based method of optimizing a radiotherapy treatment plan for a patient is proposed, wherein a complete treatment comprising both external beam therapy and brachytherapy is optimized in one procedure using an optimization problem comprising an objective function designed to optimize the total dose distribution as a combination of a first dose distribution to be provided by a first radiation set and a second dose distribution to be provided by a second radiation set. One of the radiation sets is external beam radiotherapy and the other is brachytherapy. The optimization is based on a total desired dose for the whole treatment, images of the patient before the treatment starts and an estimated image of the patient after the first radiation set has been delivered.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a treatment planning method for generating a treatment plan for radiation therapy where a set of targets (18a-18q) are to be treated, the method using a multi-leaf collimator (MLC) (4) for shaping an arc beam (24), a gantry (2) for holding the MLC, the gantry (2) capable of rotating at least partially around a patient, a couch (6) for positioning the patient, the MLC (4) being movable and defining a collimator angle (12), the gantry (2) being movable and defining a gantry angle (10) and the couch (6) optionally being movable thereby defining a couch angle (8), the method comprising the steps of: Providing (S05) a number of candidate arc paths (20, 20?, 20?, 22) having an isocenter and a maximum number of arc beams (24) for the treatment plan and, depending on the maximum number of arc beams, a maximum number of target groups (34, 34?, 34?, 34??, 34??); Providing (S06) a shape and position of each target (18a-18q) of the set of targets; Calculating (S08) a target partition (36, 36?, 36?)

Abstract: A method (100) for generating a treatment plan specifying an irradiation of a patient, the method comprising: a dose inference stage (112), including using a model to infer a spatial dose from patient data; a dose mimicking stage (116), including executing a robust optimization process to generate a deliverable treatment plan which is consistent with the inferred spatial dose, wherein the robust optimization considers a plurality of scenarios relating to patient data uncertainty.

Abstract: A method of optimizing the use of resources in treatment planning involving more than one radiation set delivered to one or more patients, the radiation sets requiring different resources, respectively, wherein the optimization is performed using an optimization problem comprising an optimization function related to the first and second sets of resources. The method may be used for optimizing one plan for one patient, or a number of plans for different patients, in such a way that the available resources are used in the best possible way.

Abstract: A computer-based method of optimizing a radiotherapy treatment plan for a patient is proposed, wherein a treatment plan to be provided by one radiation set is optimized taking into account a previously delivered dose delivered by a different radiation set. One of the radiation sets is external beam radiotherapy and the other is brachytherapy.

Abstract: Generating a robust radiotherapy treatment plan for a treatment volume, defined using a plurality of voxels, of a subject. A first and at least one second image of the treatment volume are received. A distribution of mapped doses in the first image is generated by mapping a dose defined in the at least one second image to the first image using image registration. An optimization problem is defined using at least one optimization function for a total dose, related to the radiotherapy treatment. At least one optimization function value is calculated based on at least two mapped doses in the distribution of mapped doses in the first image. A radiotherapy treatment plan is generated by optimizing the at least one optimization function value evaluated by taking into account the at least two mapped doses in the distribution of mapped doses.

Abstract: A method for generating a robust radiotherapy treatment plan for a treatment volume of a subject, the treatment volume being defined using a plurality of voxels, the method comprising the steps of defining (S100) an optimization problem using at least one optimization function for a biological endpoint related to the radiotherapy treatment; defining (S102) a set of scenarios comprising at least a first scenario and a second scenario, wherein at least two of the scenarios in the set of scenarios represent different biological models to quantify the same biological endpoint; calculating (S104) an optimization function value for each scenario in the set of scenarios; generating (S106) a radiotherapy treatment plan by robustly optimizing the optimization function value evaluated over the set of scenarios.

Abstract: A combined set of treatment plans including radiation treatment and hyperthermia treatment may be optimized either by co-optimizing both plans together or by optimizing one of the plans and then optimizing the other taking into account the predicted effect of the first optimized plan.

Abstract: A method of generating a radiotherapy plan for ion therapy, wherein the beam (6) is shaped by means of passive devices is arranged to allow variation in settings of at least one of the passive devices and/or the MU during the delivery of the beam and to control the movement of the patient and/or the beam in such a way as to create an arc. The arc is preferably a continuous arc or includes at least one continuous sub-arc. The method may include forward planning or optimization. In the latter case, the optimization uses an optimization problem set up to allow variation in settings of at least one of the range modulating device (9), the aperture element (11) and the MU during the delivery of the arc. Computer programs control the planning and the delivery.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to the field of radiation treatment. More specifically, the present disclosure generally relates to methods and radiation treatment systems for facilitating a multimodal radiation therapy treatment plan, in particular a multimodal radiation therapy plan employing a combined photon beam and electron beam radiation treatment. According to one example embodiment described in the disclosure, a method may comprise obtaining information related to a set of candidate beam types for the combined photon beam and electron beam radiation treatment; comparing the set of candidate beam types against a selection criterion to establish a subset of beam types from the candidate beam types; and generating the combined photon beam and electron beam radiation treatment plan utilizing the thus established subset of beam types.

Abstract: A method (100) for generating a treatment plan specifying an irradiation of a patient, the method comprising: a dose inference stage (112), including using a model to infer a spatial dose from patient data; a dose mimicking stage (116), including executing a robust optimization process to generate a deliverable treatment plan which is consistent with the inferred spatial dose, wherein the robust optimization considers a plurality of scenarios relating to patient data uncertainty.

Abstract: Generating a robust radiotherapy treatment plan for a treatment volume, defined using a plurality of voxels, of a subject. A first and at least one second image of the treatment volume are received. A distribution of mapped doses in the first image is generated by mapping a dose defined in the at least one second image to the first image using image registration. An optimization problem is defined using at least one optimization function for a total dose, related to the radiotherapy treatment. At least one optimization function value is calculated based on at least two mapped doses in the distribution of mapped doses in the first image. A radiotherapy treatment plan is generated by optimizing the at least one optimization function value evaluated by taking into account the at least two mapped doses in the distribution of mapped doses.

Abstract: An inverse-planning method (100), by which a treatment plan specifying a non-photon irradiation of a patient including a target volume is generated, comprises: obtaining (110, 112) first and second plan goals in terms of a respective first and second numerical condition on the treatment plan’s photon-equivalent dose as computed using a first and second RBE factor; and generating (114) the treatment plan by an optimization process aiming to satisfy the first, second and any further plan goals, wherein (a) the first and second plan goals apply to volumes which either are included in the TV or are completely or partially separate from the TV and/or (b) the first and second RBE factors are variable. In a further aspect, a data carrier provides a treatment plan with these characteristics together with reporting quantities relating to fulfilment of the first and second plan goals.

Abstract: A computer-based method of optimizing a radiotherapy treatment plan for a patient is proposed, wherein a complete treatment comprising both external beam therapy and brachytherapy is optimized in one procedure using an optimization problem comprising an objective function designed to optimize the total dose distribution as a combination of a first dose distribution to be provided by a first radiation set and a second dose distribution to be provided by a second radiation set. One of the radiation sets is external beam radiotherapy and the other is brachytherapy. The optimization is based on a total desired dose for the whole treatment, images of the patient before the treatment starts and an estimated image of the patient after the first radiation set has been delivered.

Abstract: A computer-based method of optimizing a radiotherapy treatment plan for a patient is proposed, wherein a treatment plan to be provided by one radiation set is optimized taking into account a previously delivered dose delivered by a different radiation set. One of the radiation sets is external beam radiotherapy and the other is brachytherapy.

Abstract: It is provided a method for determining arc costs. The method comprises the steps of: determining a plurality of beam orientations; evaluating a set of at least one cost function comprising an intermediate exposure cost function that is evaluated by performing the substeps of: projecting the at least one target volumes on a beam plane; determining an alignment angle based on a collimator angle value; finding any intermediate area in the beam plane along the alignment angle between areas of the at least one target volume projection; determining a value of the intermediate exposure cost function. The method further comprises the steps of: finding a plurality of arcs, wherein each arc comprises a sequence of a plurality of beam orientations; and calculating, for each arc in the plurality of arcs, at least one arc cost based on the cost function values of the beam orientations of the arc.

Abstract: A method for generating a robust radiotherapy treatment plan for a treatment volume of a subject, the treatment volume being defined using a plurality of voxels, the method comprising the steps of defining (S100) an optimization problem using at least one optimization function for a biological endpoint related to the radiotherapy treatment; defining (S102) a set of scenarios comprising at least a first scenario and a second scenario, wherein at least two of the scenarios in the set of scenarios represent different biological models to quantify the same biological endpoint; calculating (S104) an optimization function value for each scenario in the set of scenarios; generating (S106) a radiotherapy treatment plan by robustly optimizing the optimization function value evaluated over the set of scenarios