Abstract: In order to achieve an improved or optimized operation mode of an “expanded drying section” of a paper machine—having the “actual” drying section, separated, if applicable, into pre-drying and post-drying sections with a size press located therebetween, a steam and condensate system, an exhaust air heat recovery system, a wet press and the white water—a model that includes the above system components is proposed, with which mass and energy balances for the system components as well as the specific energy consumption of the drying section are calculated, based on values for parameters relevant for the drying process.

Abstract: In order to achieve an improved or optimized operation mode of an “expanded drying section” of a paper machine—having the “actual” drying section, separated, if applicable, into pre-drying and post-drying sections with a size press located therebetween, a steam and condensate system, an exhaust air heat recovery system, a wet press and the white water—a model that includes the above system components is proposed, with which mass and energy balances for the system components as well as the specific energy consumption of the drying section are calculated, based on values for parameters relevant for the drying process.

Abstract: A method for optimizing the operation of a metallurgical plant using a model by modeling supply and discharge media streams, predetermining structure parameters which define the media streams, linking the media streams to one another, predetermining starting parameters which describe initial states, predetermining input operating parameters, determining and outputting output operating parameters, and determining and outputting end parameters, which describe end states of the units, by the model, predetermining the structure parameters to an optimization computer by a user and transmitting the parameters from the optimization computer to a model, and determining optimized operating parameters by the optimization computer on the basis of the starting parameters and an assessment criterion in accordance with an optimization algorithm using the model, wherein the assessment criterion is predetermined to the optimization computer by the user.

Abstract: In order to produce a steel strip (1), a continuous casting and rolling installation comprises a liquid steel storage device (2), a liquid steel charging device (3), a vertically operating casting device (5) with a revolving mold (6), a reduction device (7) with a plurality of roll pairs (8), a diverting device (9) for diverting the cast steel strip (1) into a horizontal position, a horizontally operating rolling mill (10) and a winding device (11), which are controlled via individual technological control loops (2? to 11?).

Abstract: A method for the treatment of waste paper to produce a finished product in several process stages, comprises the steps of for at least one quality parameter, prescribing a set value for the finished product, wherein ahead of and/or following at least two of the process stages a value is determined by measurements of the at least one quality parameter, establishing the efficiency of a process stage with regard to the improvement of the at least one quality parameter in this process stage, and dynamically balancing in a process management system the individual process stages taking into account the overall efficiency of the process.

Abstract: A mathematical model for a metallurgical engineering system and a method for optimizing the operation of a metallurgical engineering system by means of said model. A plurality of units (7-12) of a metallurgical engineering system (6) are modeled by means of a mathematical model. Said units are associated with supply and discharge media flows. In order to optimize operation of the system (6), structural parameters are supplied to an optimization computer (1) by a user (5). The structural parameters establish at least the number and type of units (7-12). On the basis of start parameters, which describe the initial states of the units (7-12), and an evaluation criterion (K), the optimization computer (1) determines optimized operating parameters according to an optimization algorithm (A) using said model.

Abstract: A method and device for producing a strand of metal by means of a continuous-casting installation which has at least one cooling device for cooling the strand, the cooling device being assigned at least one reduction stand for reducing the thickness of the strand, the strand, during the thickness reduction, having a solidified skin and a liquid core. The cooling is set, by means of a temperature and solidification model, in such a manner that the solidification boundary between the solidified skin and the liquid core when the strand enters the reduction stand corresponds to a predetermined set solidification boundary between the solidified skin and the liquid core.

Abstract: A method for regulation or control of the melting process in a three-phase arc furnace having at least three electrodes whose height is adjustable individually and independently of one another. Each phase of the three-phase current which feeds the three-phase arc furnace is assigned at least one electrode. The temperature of the three-phase arc furnace is monitored, particularly at points which are at risk of overheating, such as the walls of the three-phase arc furnace in the vicinity of the electrodes. When the three-phase arc furnace reaches a critical temperature in the vicinity of an electrode, the power emission from this electrode is reduced in such a manner that overheating of the three-phase arc furnace is prevented, and in that the power emission from the other electrodes or from some of the other electrodes is increased in such a manner that the total power emission from the electrodes is a maximum at a predetermined voltage.

Abstract: A vehicle speed control system comprises a vehicle speed controller (14) and an auxiliary engine speed controller (17) which keeps to the engine speed set by the first controller (14) and which controls the amount of fuel and/or air supplied to the vehicle engine. A comparator (13) compares actual and desired vehicle speed signals and is connected to the first controller (14), which produces a desired engine speed signal which is compared (16) with the actual engine speed signal from a sensor (21).

Abstract: A device for the electronically controlled influencing of actuating devices of an internal combustion engine is proposed in which actuating devices can be influenced by comparing differentiated sensor signals with predeterminable threshold values. The actuating devices are directly accessed without a detour via any regulating devices. The system corresponding to the method thus becomes very simple and inexpensive in its construction. Control-loop-related oscillations are avoided by the direct influencing of the actuating device.

Abstract: All but one of the microcomputers in a multi-computer system are equipped with a rapid-access read-write memory and a fixed content nonvolatile read-only memory. Each of these read-only memories, however, stores a multiplicity of varieties of one or more sets of data, so that, in the case of a computer system for a motor vehicle engine, the same system can be used in any of a large number of vehicle models. One of the microcomputers of the system has a programmable memory which is programmed at the time of installation to designate the portions of the fixed memories that are to be utilized. When the system is turned on, the programmed memory designation number is stored in the read-write memory of all of the computers of the system, with the result that the designated portion of each fixed read-only memory is always referred to in any computer of the system. It is not important that, when the system is turned off, the memory content of the read-write memories is lost.

Abstract: A method for monitoring of a tachometer signal is suggested, wherein the tachometer output signal is not only monitored with respect to its presence, but in addition also with respect to its plausibility. One exemplified embodiment may be realized with the assistance of a correspondingly programmed computer, wherein the tachometer signal change is checked to determine whether it is within predetermined limits. Furthermore, a possibility of reciprocating switching between erroneous and non-erroneous speed signals is eliminated.

Abstract: An emergency control device for a diesel internal combustion engine with electronically controlled fuel proportioning, which enables an optimal emergency driving operation in case of a defect of the transmitter or transmitters for the actual value of fuel volume. In the event of an error, the mechanism determining the desired value of fuel volume during normal operation, and the fuel volume regulating device, are separated from the fuel proportioning device and the latter is controlled by a special emergency driving signal. An error in the transmitters for the actual value of fuel volume is recognized in that this signal does not fall in the allowable area for the actual value of fuel volume. A first signal, which, together with a second signal, gives the emergency driving signal, is formed from the speed and the accelerator position. The second signal consists substantially of the differentiated speed signal.

Abstract: In a safety and emergency driving control method and an associated arrangement for an internal combustion engine with self-ignition used to power a motor vehicle, various operating parameters of the engine are continuously monitored and respective signals indicative of gas pedal position, engine operating speed, brake actuation, and actual control rod displacement are generated and evaluated to determine simultaneous occurrence of a modified idling operation condition and of a predetermined minimum value of the actual control rod displacement signal. In response to such a simultaneous occurrence the engine control is switched over to another regulation branch which controls the control rod displacement in accordance with a minimum value characteristic line of the control rod displacement. Further peripheral devices are included for providing starting hysteresis and excess speed protection, and for supervising the operation of the control rod displacement sensor.

Abstract: A device for adjusting traveling speed of a motor vehicle includes traveling speed and acceleration PI-regulators cooperating via an operational condition control and a switching device with an electronic fuel metering system of a motor vehicle. The acceleration regulator and the traveling speed regulator are alternately activated in dependency on the selection of desired driving conditions, namely whether a traveling speed is to be reached or maintained. A high driving comfort is obtained by modifying initial and transition states of integral parts of output signals of respective regulators.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for influencing the metering of fuel to an internal combustion engine, wherein the amount of fuel to be delivered to the engine is varied at least in dependence upon the number of revolutions or working strokes of the engine. In this method, the number of revolutions or working strokes of the engine is measured for subsequent storage in a volatile and a non-volatile storage. If a supply voltage failure causes the contents of the volatile storage to be lost, the more essential portion of this number for the engine continues to be available in the non-volatile storage. Embodiments are described explaining how the volatile and the non-volatile storage can be realized and combined. Also, a description is provided as to how the metering of fuel can be influenced in dependence upon the number of revolutions or working strokes of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A device is proposed for controlling the injection start to a set-point value dependent on operating parameters, in which the period of time between the appearance of an injection start signal and a reference marking (for instance, a top-dead-center signal) is counted out and the result of counting is compared with the set-point value. To avoid malfunctioning, the triggering of the counting process is possible in only one, predetermined crankshaft angle range. Various values are provided for the counting-out frequency. In the exemplary embodiment they are within the range between 50 and 200 kHz. In case of failure, a control of injection onset is effected, and as needed, a limitation of the fuel quantity as well--for instance to 70% of the respectively determined quantity.

Abstract: A control system for an internal combustion engine which has a driving-pedal position transducer, a subsequent performance graph apparatus for control values and a control device responding to these values. A delay element is provided in series with the performance graft apparatus between the driving-pedal position transducer and the control device. The purpose of the control system is to adapt the mode of response of the control device (a throttle valve, for instance, in an Otto engine or the regulator rod in a Diesel engine) to various operational states. Of special significance are rpm, the position of the driving pedal, and the change in driving-pedal position. The proposed system is efficaciously realized by means of a computer.

Abstract: A control device for Diesel engines with which a rapid shutoff of the latter is possible by emptying the suction chamber of the injection pump by aspiration. The control device includes a control valve, which in the operating position (I) opens up the feed line of the feed pump toward the suction chamber and in the reversed shutoff position (II) blocks this feed line between the compression side (D) of the feed pump and the suction chamber. The control valve is an electromagnetic shutoff valve. A further part of the control device is an electric fuel pump, which as a special aspirating pump is disposed in an aspiration line leading from the suction chamber back to the fuel tank. For emergency engine shutoff, the control valve, displaced into its blocking position (II), blocks the flow of fuel between the feed pump and the suction chamber, while the aspirating fuel pump that has been turned on at the same time empties the suction chamber by aspiration.

Abstract: A control device for protecting an internal combustion engine in the case of malfunction of its fuel regulating system is disclosed. The control device includes means which in response to the occurrence of the first braking mode of operation of the engine after start activates a suction or pump connected to the suction chamber of a fuel injection pump. Then the reaction of the engine to the suction pump is tested. If, the engine does not react to a displacement of the control rod of the fuel adjusting mechanism, then an error is present and the engine is either stopped or switched over to an emergency mode of operation. The control device is suitable particularly for a Diesel engine.