Abstract: Photovoltaic systems and processes for producing photovoltaic systems are disclosed.

Abstract: One or more embodiments of the invention concern a device comprising: a cathode that lies on a cathode plane and includes, in an active region, one or more cathode straight-finger-shaped terminals with a main extension direction parallel to a first reference direction; for each cathode terminal, one or more electron emitters formed on, and in ohmic contact with, said cathode terminal; and a gate electrode that lies on a gate plane parallel to, and spaced apart from, said cathode plane, does not overlap the cathode and includes, in the active region, two or more gate straight-finger-shaped terminals with a main extension direction parallel to the first reference direction; wherein the gate terminals are interlaced with said cathode terminal(s).

Abstract: One or more embodiments of the invention concern a device comprising: a cathode that lies on a cathode plane and includes, in an active region one or more cathode straight-finger-shaped terminals with a main extension direction parallel to a first reference direction; for each cathode terminal, one or more electron emitters formed on, and in ohmic contact with, said cathode terminal; and a gate electrode that lies on a gate plane parallel to, and spaced apart from, said cathode plane, does not overlap the cathode and includes, in the active region, two or more gate straight-finger-shaped terminals with a main extension direction parallel to the first reference direction; wherein the gate terminals are interlaced with said cathode terminal(s).

Abstract: A process of sintering metal oxide films from formulations based on particles of metal oxides is described. The process includes: a) adding to the formulation particles or molecules an absorbing compound absorbing the electromagnetic radiation in visible and/or infrared spectrum regions; b) mixing until a homogeneous dispersion of the absorbing compound in the formulation is obtained; c) depositing the formulation in form of a film on a substrate; and d) irradiating the film with an electromagnetic radiation in the visible and/or infrared regions of the spectrum. A process for the production of photoelectrochemical cells is also described.

Abstract: A process of manufacturing the catalytic layer of the counter-electrodes of dye-sensitized solar cells is described. The process has the following steps: depositing a catalyst precursor paste or precursor solution layer over the counter-electrodes conductive and transparent substrates, by screen printing, doctor blade, spin coating or brush,and irradiating the catalyst precursor paste or precursor solution layer with a continuous wave or pulsed laser beam having a wavelength in the range of infrared, visible, or ultraviolet, thus curing the precursor and forming a catalyst layer over the conductive and transparent counter-electrode substrates.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a triode-type field emission device, in particular for high frequency applications, having a cathode electrode, an anode electrode spaced from the cathode electrode, a control gate electrode arranged between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode, and at least a field-emitting tip; the cathode, control gate and anode electrodes overlapping in a triode area at the field-emitting tip and being operable to cooperate with the field-emitting tip for generation of an electron beam in the triode area. The cathode, control gate and anode electrodes do not overlap outside the triode area, and have a main direction of extension along a respective line; each of these respective lines being inclined at a non-zero angle with respect to each one of the others.

Abstract: A light (2) emitting system (1) includes an optical cavity (10) having at least one optical mode and including at least one transmissive reflector (12), a first set (20) of quantum wells (21, 22) and elements (31, 32, 33) of electrical injection of the quantum wells of the first set. The quantum wells of the first set are arranged so that at least one of their electronic resonances is a strong coupling regime with an optical mode of the optical cavity and emits a light according to a mixed exciton-polariton mode. The optical cavity further includes a second set (40) of quantum wells (41, 42, 43, 44, 45) arranged outside of the direct range of the elements of electrical injection and arranged in relation to the quantum wells of the first set so that at least one of their electronic resonances is in a strong coupling regime with the mixed exciton-polariton mode of the optical cavity.

Abstract: A light (2) emitting system (1) includes an optical cavity (10) having at least one optical mode and including at least one transmissive reflector (12), a first set (20) of quantum wells (21, 22) and elements (31, 32, 33) of electrical injection of the quantum wells of the first set. The quantum wells of the first set are arranged so that at least one of their electronic resonances is a strong coupling regime with an optical mode of the optical cavity and emits a light according to a mixed exciton-polariton mode. The optical cavity further includes a second set (40) of quantum wells (41, 42, 43, 44, 45) arranged outside of the direct range of the elements of electrical injection and arranged in relation to the quantum wells of the first set so that at least one of their electronic resonances is in a strong coupling regime with the mixed exciton-polariton mode of the optical cavity.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a high frequency, cold cathode, triode-type, field-emitter vacuum tube including a cathode structure, an anode structure spaced from the cathode structure, and a control grid, wherein the cathode structure and the anode structure are formed separately and bonded together with the interposition of spacers, and the control grid is integrated in the anode structure.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a triode-type field emission device, in particular for high frequency applications, having a cathode electrode, an anode electrode spaced from the cathode electrode, a control gate electrode arranged between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode, and at least a field-emitting tip; the cathode, control gate and anode electrodes overlapping in a triode area at the field-emitting tip and being operable to cooperate with the field-emitting tip for generation of an electron beam in the triode area. The cathode, control gate and anode electrodes do not overlap outside the triode area, and have a main direction of extension along a respective line; each of these respective lines being inclined at a non-zero angle with respect to each one of the others.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a high frequency, cold cathode, triode-type, field-emitter vacuum tube including a cathode structure, an anode structure spaced from the cathode structure, and a control grid, wherein the cathode structure and the anode structure are formed separately and bonded together with the interposition of spacers, and the control grid is integrated in the anode structure.

Abstract: A methodology that enables introduction of an innovative assay for evaluating the extra-virgin olive oil (EOO), based upon the quantification of the main components of the saponifiable and non-saponifiable fractions of EOOs and upon its total antioxidizing power.

Abstract: A thermostimulation device is disclosed, said device being intended for application to thermographic investigation and allowing sensitivity and specificity in the clinical field of such investigation to be improved, in particular for dermatology, oncology, angiology and capillaroscopy. The finding comprises a probe whose inside is discontinuously supplied with a refrigerating or a heating liquid mixture that comes from a reservoir where it is kept at the temperature that has been set forth previously for the specific test, respectively +5° C. in case of cryostimulation and +40° C. in case of “hot” stimulation. The introduction of the mixture into the probe is adjusted by means of a valve whose opening time is controlled by the operator, so as to determine the passage of a predetermined volume of the mixture immediately before proceeding to thermal stimulation. At the end of thermal stimulation the liquid is sent back from the probe to the reservoir.