Abstract: A device for the ionization of gaseous media, comprising a feed channel (101) having a gas feed, a distribution channel (104) having at least one gas outlet, and at least one ionization unit (304), wherein the at least one ionization unit (304) is designed as a connecting channel from the feed channel (101) to the distribution channel (104) and is provided with an electrode (102) and an associated counter electrode (106). The electrode (102) is configured to ionize gas flowing through the ionization unit (304) from the feed channel (101) to the distribution channel (104), wherein the gas flows around the electrode (102), and the at least one gas outlet is designed in the form of one or more nozzles (107) or a plurality of openings (107).

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for canceling inductive coupling in a magnetic field sensing device having one or more Hall elements. A device can include a Hall element having a first pair of first and second voltage sensing terminals at diametrically opposed locations on the Hall element, and a second pair of third and fourth voltage sensing terminals diametrically opposed locations on the Hall element. A first mirror conductive path extends around a perimeter of the Hall element in a first direction a second mirror conductive path extends around the perimeter of the Hall element in a second direction so that the first and second mirror conductive paths are on opposite sides of the Hall element and are equal and opposite to cancel inductive coupling.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for canceling inductive coupling in a magnetic field sensing device having one or more Hall elements. A device can include a Hall element having a first pair of first and second voltage sensing terminals at diametrically opposed locations on the Hall element, and a second pair of third and fourth voltage sensing terminals diametrically opposed locations on the Hall element. A first mirror conductive path extends around a perimeter of the Hall element in a first direction a second mirror conductive path extends around the perimeter of the Hall element in a second direction so that the first and second mirror conductive paths are on opposite sides of the Hall element and are equal and opposite to cancel inductive coupling.

Abstract: A device for the ionization of gaseous media, comprising a feed channel (101) having a gas feed, a distribution channel (104) having at least one gas outlet, and at least one ionization unit (304), wherein the at least one ionization unit (304) is designed as a connecting channel from the feed channel (101) to the distribution channel (104) and is provided with an electrode (102) and an associated counter electrode (106). The electrode (102) is configured to ionize gas flowing through the ionization unit (304) from the feed channel (101) to the distribution channel (104), wherein the gas flows around the electrode (102), and the at least one gas outlet is designed in the form of one or more nozzles (107) or a plurality of openings (107).

Abstract: A method of reducing the aggregation and deposition of asphaltene from a fluid containing asphaltene, such as crude oil, which method comprises the addition to the fluid of a compound of formula (1): wherein A is an optionally substituted ring system containing 6 to 14 carbon atoms; n is at least 1 and may equal the number of positions available for substitution in A; each X is independently a linker group; and each R is independently a hydrocarbyl group containing 10 to 25 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A power amplifier has a pair of FETs of opposite kinds connected together to form a source/drain circuit connected with an output. A second pair of high speed transistors is connected to the input and forms a collector/emitter circuit connected to the gates of the FETs. Capacitors are connected across the second pair of transistors and the pair of FETs respectively. Opposing current sources connect with the bases of the second pair of transistors via a resistor divider.

Abstract: A power amplifier has a pair of FETs of opposite kinds connected together to form a source/drain circuit connected with an output. A second pair of high speed transistors is connected to the input and forms a collector/emitter circuit connected to the gates of the FETs. Capacitors are connected across the second pair of transistors and the pair of FETs respectively. Opposing current sources connect with the bases of the second pair of transistors via a resistor divider.

Abstract: A method of controlling asphaltene precipitation in a fluid comprising the addition of a precipitation inhibitor to the fluid containing the asphaltene.