Abstract: A buck converter including a high-side switch, a low-side switch and a bootstrap (BOOT), under-voltage lockout (UVLO) circuit. The BOOT UVLO circuit includes a BOOT UVLO detection element configured to compare a BOOT voltage with a switch node (SW) voltage to determine an occurrence of a BOOT UVLO event. The BOOT UVLO detection element is configured to output an UVLO signal (UVLO_Z), in case of the BOOT UVLO event. The BOOT UVLO circuit further includes a logic gate configured to receive the UVLO_Z and a high-side ON, (HSON) signal, the HSON signal is for controlling a switching of the high-side switch. The logic gate is configured to negate the HSON signal when receiving the UVLO_Z while the HSON signal is ON, to thereby immediately switch OFF the high-side switch when the HSON signal is ON.

Abstract: A method limits an inrush current of a buck converter having an inductor element during a startup period in which the buck converter is first enabled. The inrush current flows through the inductor element by enabling a zero current detection algorithm for a first few operational cycles. A system is also configured to limit the inrush current of a buck converter having an inductor element during a startup period in which the buck converter is first enabled.

Abstract: A Switched Mode Power Supply (SMPS) with a switching stage has a high-side switch, a low-side switch, and an output inductor. The SMPS also has control circuitry for controlling the high-side switch and the low-side switch based on a clock signal. The control circuitry is configured to detect that an output voltage of the switching stage deviates from a reference voltage and thereby enable negative valley regulation. Upon enabling negative valley regulation, the control circuitry detects that a current flowing through the inductor falls below a threshold and, based on the detection, initiates a next clock cycle of the clock signal.

Abstract: A Switched Mode Power Supply (SMPS) circuit includes an SMPS having a driver and a low-side switch responsible for regulating power flow to an output of the SMPS circuit. The driver is arranged to control the low-side switch. The SMPS operates in a second power domain. A level-shifter circuit is arranged for translating signals from a first power domain to the second power domain. An Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) protection circuit is arranged for detecting an ESD event and for enabling the low-side switch upon detection of the ESD event. The ESD protection circuit is implemented in the level-shifter circuit and is connected to a voltage supply in the first power domain.

Abstract: A method for soft recovery for switched mode power supplies includes: (a) detecting a drop of the output voltage value FB; (b) starting the output voltage values FB recovery using a current FB value stored as a Vref start value from which the recovery is to be made; (c) detecting the start of the recovery of the output voltage; (d) generating a timing pulse; (e) measuring a FB value on the rising edge of the timing pulse and comparing the FB value with the Vref value, and if the FB value is greater than the Vref value, storing the FB value and setting the FB value as the new Vref start value from which the recovery is to be made going forward; and (f) repeating step (d) and (e), after a preset time delay, until the FB value is less than or equal to the Vref for the FB value.

Abstract: A fluid conductivity sensor (FCS) system for determining a water void fraction in a fluid mixture flows comprises a duct containing the fluid mixture flows; a dielectric window system operatively connected to the duct, wherein the dielectric window system comprises a first dielectric window built-into a first surface of a wall of the duct and a second dielectric window built-into a second surface of the wall aligned and opposite to the first surface; a split-toroidal loop-gap resonator (split-TLGR) system operatively connected to the dielectric window system and the duct, wherein the split-TLGR system comprises a first split-TLGR built-into the first dielectric window and a second split-TLGR built-into the second dielectric window; and a vector network analyzer (VNA) operatively connected to the split-TLGR system and configured to measure the fluid conductivity, wherein the water void fraction is derived from the fluid conductivity.

Abstract: Methods and systems for determining a composition of a gas in a pipe using a plurality of pressure sensors disposed along the pipe. Each pressure sensor in the plurality of pressure sensors may include a diaphragm for sensing pressure that is aligned with an inner wall of the pipe, and the location of each pressure sensor in the plurality of pressure sensors may be known. The method generally includes obtaining a plurality of pressure signals from the plurality of pressure sensors, determining, using the plurality of pressure signals, a speed of sound of the gas, and determining, using the plurality of pressure signals, an attenuation of sound intensity of the gas. The method further includes determining, with a computational model, the composition of the gas, based on the determined speed of sound of the gas and the attenuation of sound intensity of the gas.

Abstract: A method for determining a bulk velocity and a mixture speed of sound of a multi-phase fluid flowing in a pipe of a pipeline. The method includes the steps: obtaining a plurality of pressure signals from a plurality of pressure sensors, where each pressure sensor in the plurality of pressure sensors includes a diaphragm for sensing pressure, where the diaphragm of each pressure sensor is aligned with an inner wall of the pipe such that each pressure sensor is flush-mounted on the inner wall of the pipe; determining, using the plurality of pressure signals, a first time-of-flight of one or more flow eddies; determining, using the plurality of pressure signals, a second time-of-flight of one or more sound waves; determining, using the first time-of-flight, the bulk velocity of the multi-phase fluid; and determining, using the bulk velocity and the second time-of-flight, the mixture speed of sound of the multi-phase fluid.

Abstract: A valley current limit circuit of a switching regulator is provided, with the valley current limit circuit including a sample and hold capacitor. The valley current limit circuit is arranged to charge the sample and hold capacitor when a low-side switch of the switching regulator is OFF and to provide a negative reference voltage from the sample and hold capacitor when the low-side switch is ON. The valley current limit circuit includes a comparator arranged to provide a current limit reference by comparing the negative reference voltage against a switch node voltage of the switching regulator when the low-side switch is ON.

Abstract: A buck converter including a high-side switch, a low-side switch and a bootstrap (BOOT), under-voltage lockout (UVLO) circuit. The BOOT UVLO circuit includes a BOOT UVLO detection element configured to compare a BOOT voltage with a switch node (SW) voltage to determine an occurrence of a BOOT UVLO event. The BOOT UVLO detection element is configured to output an UVLO signal (UVLO_Z), in case of the BOOT UVLO event. The BOOT UVLO circuit further includes a logic gate configured to receive the UVLO_Z and a high-side ON, (HSON) signal, the HSON signal is for controlling a switching of the high-side switch. The logic gate is configured to negate the HSON signal when receiving the UVLO_Z while the HSON signal is ON, to thereby immediately switch OFF the high-side switch when the HSON signal is ON.

Abstract: A peak-current mode (PCM), buck converter is provided, including a slope compensation element, the PCM buck converter is arranged to detect an entering or exiting of a pulse frequency modulation (PFM), mode of operation. The slope compensation element is arranged to disable or reduce a slope compensation when the PCM buck converter detects the entering of the PFM. The slope compensation element is arranged to enable the slope compensation when the PCM buck converter detects the exiting of the PFM.

Abstract: Techniques are described for client registration for authorizing an aggregator service to access data on behalf of an application, through self-registration of an application client identifier and issuance of authorization token(s) based on the application client identifier. Implementations provide a technique for dynamic client registration that avoids the need for manual vetting and manual generation of the client credential grant. Additionally, the implementations described herein enforce domain values around the scope and/or purpose of the client grant. This allows for support of application providers through a single point of registration that supports multi-layer and channel. This also allows for support of a scalable authorization solution for any suitable number of clients. The dynamic client registration process adds an additional layer of security through the OAuth client grant and mutual authentication.

Abstract: A novel differential amplifier with a feedforward bias correction circuit, and a device. Common-mode voltage output of a differential amplifier is dynamically adjusted based on an input voltage by using a bias correction circuit. This can greatly reduce an input voltage error of the differential amplifier caused by an offset of the common-mode voltage output, so that a quite small input signal can be detected at high precision, assisting a common-mode regulation channel in tracking the common-mode voltage output, thereby reducing the offset of the common-mode voltage output and improving accuracy of the differential amplifier.

Abstract: A fluid conductivity sensor (FCS) system for determining a water void fraction in a fluid mixture flows comprises a duct containing the fluid mixture flows; a dielectric window system operatively connected to the duct, wherein the dielectric window system comprises a first dielectric window built-into a first surface of a wall of the duct and a second dielectric window built-into a second surface of the wall aligned and opposite to the first surface; a split-toroidal loop-gap resonator (split-TLGR) system operatively connected to the dielectric window system and the duct, wherein the split-TLGR system comprises a first split-TLGR built-into the first dielectric window and a second split-TLGR built-into the second dielectric window; and a vector network analyzer (VNA) operatively connected to the split-TLGR system and configured to measure the fluid conductivity, wherein the water void fraction is derived from the fluid conductivity.

Abstract: A method for determining CO2 mass flow rate of a multi-phase fluid flowing in a pipeline includes obtaining pressure signals from pressure sensors flush-mounted on the inner wall of the pipe that include a diaphragm for sensing pressure. The pressure signals determine a first time-of-flight of flow eddies and a second time-of-flight of sound waves. Using the first and second time-of-flight, bulk flow velocity and mixture speed of sound is determined. Static pressure sensors obtain a static pressure measurement and temperature sensors obtain a temperature measurement. The static pressure and temperature sensors are placed near the pressure sensors. A fluid composition sensor obtains fluid composition data. Based on the static pressure measurement, temperature measurement, and fluid composition data, single-phase fluid properties are determined. Based on the bulk flow velocity, mixture speed of sound, and single-phase fluid properties, CO2 mass flow rate of the multi-phase fluid is determined.

Abstract: A method for determining a bulk velocity and a mixture speed of sound of a multi-phase fluid flowing in a pipe of a pipeline. The method includes the steps: obtaining a plurality of pressure signals from a plurality of pressure sensors, where each pressure sensor in the plurality of pressure sensors includes a diaphragm for sensing pressure, where the diaphragm of each pressure sensor is aligned with an inner wall of the pipe such that each pressure sensor is flush-mounted on the inner wall of the pipe; determining, using the plurality of pressure signals, a first time-of-flight of one or more flow eddies; determining, using the plurality of pressure signals, a second time-of-flight of one or more sound waves; determining, using the first time-of-flight, the bulk velocity of the multi-phase fluid; and determining, using the bulk velocity and the second time-of-flight, the mixture speed of sound of the multi-phase fluid.

Abstract: A battery charger includes a battery power regulator configured to set a charge signal provided to a battery based on a charge control signal and charge enable signal. The battery charger also includes a controller configured to provide the charge control signal to the battery power regulator. The controller is also configured to temporarily de-assert the charge enable signal for a predetermined amount of time in response to determining that a change is needed in the charge control signal. The controller is further configured to re-assert the charge enable signal after the predetermined amount of time.

Abstract: Techniques are described for client registration for authorizing an aggregator service to access data on behalf of an application, through self-registration of an application client identifier and issuance of authorization token(s) based on the application client identifier. Implementations provide a technique for dynamic client registration that avoids the need for manual vetting and manual generation of the client credential grant. Additionally, the implementations described herein enforce domain values around the scope and/or purpose of the client grant. This allows for support of application providers through a single point of registration that supports multi-layer and channel. This also allows for support of a scalable authorization solution for any suitable number of clients. The dynamic client registration process adds an additional layer of security through the OAuth client grant and mutual authentication.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide for a circuit. In at least some examples, the circuit includes a logic circuit, a first comparator, a second comparator, and an AND logic circuit. The logic circuit has an output and the first comparator has a first input coupled to an input voltage (VIN) pin, a second input configured to receive a Vin under voltage lockout (VINUVLO) threshold value, and an output. The second comparator has a first input coupled to a power middle (PMID) pin, a second input coupled to a battery pin, and an output and the AND logic circuit has a first input coupled to the output of the logic circuit, a second input coupled to the output of the first comparator, a third input coupled to the output of the second comparator, and an output coupled to an input of a field-effect transistor (FET) control circuit.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide for a circuit. In at least some examples, the circuit includes a logic circuit, a first comparator, a second comparator, and an AND logic circuit. The logic circuit has an output and the first comparator has a first input coupled to an input voltage (VIN) pin, a second input configured to receive a Vin under voltage lockout (VINUVLO) threshold value, and an output. The second comparator has a first input coupled to a power middle (PMID) pin, a second input coupled to a battery pin, and an output and the AND logic circuit has a first input coupled to the output of the logic circuit, a second input coupled to the output of the first comparator, a third input coupled to the output of the second comparator, and an output coupled to an input of a field-effect transistor (FET) control circuit.