Abstract: A silicon-containing material along with processes for producing and uses for the same. Where the silicon-containing material is based on one or more porous particles and silicon and the silicon is disposed in pores and on the surface of the one or more porous particles. The silicon-containing material has a specific surface area of at most 50 m2/g, determined by nitrogen sorption and BET evaluation and the one or more porous particles have a mean electrical particle resistance of at least 2 kOhm and a reversible delithiation capacity 0 of at most 100 mAh/g.

Abstract: Silicon-containing composite particles, the process comprising the steps of: (a) providing a plurality of porous particles comprising micropores and/or mesopores, wherein the D50 particle diameter of the porous particles from 0.5 to 200 ?m; the total pore volume of micropores and mesopores is from 0.4 to 2.2 cm3/g; and the PD50 pore diameter is no more than 30 nm; c (b) combining a charge of the porous particles with a charge of a silicon-containing precursor in a batch pressure reactor, wherein the charge of porous particles has a volume of at least 20 cm3 per litre of reactor volume (cm3/LRV), and wherein the charge of the silicon-containing precursor comprises at least 2 g of silicon per litre of reactor volume (g/LRV); and (c) heating the reactor to a temperature effective to cause deposition of silicon in the pores of the porous particles, thereby providing the silicon-containing composite particles.

Abstract: Silicon carbon composite particles and anode materials for use within lithium-ion batteries utilizing the silicon carbon composite particles. Where the silicon carbon composite particles have an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal concentration of 0.05 to 10 wt% and a pH > 7.5.

Abstract: The present application provides ligands and fluorescent or luminescent complexes comprising these ligands.