Abstract: A socket includes a head part 1 and a body 2, characterized in that an inside of a first socket hole 21 of the body 2 is provided with an inner plastic sleeve 3 attached to an inner wall thereof in a replaceable way, wherein, the head part 1 can dock with an internal angle head nut or a bolt to drive its rotation. The inner plastic sleeve 3 mats with a nut or bolt and drive its rotations. The inner plastic sleeve 3, as provided inside the body 2, not only can it increase the friction in contact with the nut or bolt, which increases the efficiency of the socket operation, the user can also replace the inner plastic sleeve 3 when the inner plastic sleeve 3 is damaged or slips after multiple uses. As the user only need to replace the inner plastic sleeve 3 instead of replacing the entire metal socket, the present invention significantly reduces the operation costs, saves social resources, and avoid unnecessary waste.

Abstract: In one aspect, the disclosure provides a method of defining a Raman signature of a culture component, the method comprising: obtaining a Raman spectrum of a culture component in a non-interfering or minimally-interfering solution, identifying peaks in the Raman spectrum that are associated with the culture component, obtaining a Raman spectrum of a culture medium comprising the culture component, and, removing peaks of the culture component in the Raman spectrum of the culture medium that are distorted compared to the peaks identified in the Raman spectrum of the culture component in a non-interfering or minimally-interfering solution.

Abstract: In one aspect, the disclosure provides a method of defining a Raman signature of a culture component, the method comprising: obtaining a Raman spectrum of a culture component in a non-interfering or minimally-interfering solution, identifying peaks in the Raman spectrum that are associated with the culture component, obtaining a Raman spectrum of a culture medium comprising the culture component, and, removing peaks of the culture component in the Raman spectrum of the culture medium that are distorted compared to the peaks identified in the Raman spectrum of the culture component in a non-interfering or minimally-interfering solution.

Abstract: In one aspect, the disclosure provides a method of defining a Raman signature of a culture component, the method comprising: obtaining a Raman spectrum of a culture component in a non-interfering or minimally-interfering solution, identifying peaks in the Raman spectrum that are associated with the culture component, obtaining a Raman spectrum of a culture medium comprising the culture component, and, removing peaks of the culture component in the Raman spectrum of the culture medium that are distorted compared to the peaks identified in the Raman spectrum of the culture component in a non-interfering or minimally-interfering solution.