Abstract: A cartridge for providing a target analyte for detection is described. One such exemplar cartridge includes a base portion including: (1) a receiving area disposed at or near a center region of the base portion; (2) multiple reaction wells disposed outside the center region or radially disposed at or near a perimeter of the base portion; and (3) multiple connecting tracks that substantially linearly extend from a region at or proximate to the receiving area to the multiple reaction wells and designed to convey a sample including the target analyte from the receiving area to the multiple reaction wells, each of which are configured to transform the sample to a detectable sample. Systems and methods of reacting and detecting the sample including the target analyte are also described.

Abstract: A system for automatic categorization and assessment of billing narratives has a semantic engine that classifies billing entries with descriptions expressed in natural language into standardized categories of activity and task objective. The classification is by machine learning methods via training data that is maintained, updated and extended as needed. A rules engine applies rules to the categorized invoice data to analyze the data, report violations to a user/consumer of billed services and to perform related calculations.

Abstract: A system for automatic categorization and assessment of billing narratives has a semantic engine that classifies billing entries with descriptions expressed in natural language into standardized categories of activity and task objective. The classification is by machine learning methods via training data that is maintained, updated and extended as needed. A rules engine applies rules to the categorized invoice data to analyze the data, report violations to a user/consumer of billed services and to perform related calculations.

Abstract: A system for automatic categorization and assessment of billing narratives has a semantic engine that classifies billing entries with descriptions expressed in natural language into standardized categories of activity and task objective. The classification is by machine learning methods via training data that is maintained, updated and extended as needed. A rules engine applies rules to the categorized invoice data to analyze the data, report violations to a user/consumer of billed services and to perform related calculations.