Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including medium-encoded computer program products, for injection molding warp prediction include: obtaining a mold model and measured shrinkage data for at least one material, predicting an amount of warpage for a part manufactured using the mold by computational simulation of an injection molding process, where the computational simulation uses an internal residual stress model for the part that uses calibrated values for both a coefficient of thermal expansion and an elastic modulus and/or a Poisson's ratio of the at least one material, in at least one direction, for at least thermal stress due to cooling and pressure compensation during and/or after a packing phase of the injection molding process, in accordance with the measured shrinkage data for the at least one material, and providing the amount of warpage predicted for the part manufactured using the mold.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine system that converts thermal energy from an exhaust of an engine to mechanical energy includes a heat exchanger thermally coupled to an exhaust from an internal combustion process. The heat exchanger receives a heat transfer fluid therein. A generator is coupled to the heat exchanger. The heat transfer fluid expands and evaporates in the generator in response to heat from the exhaust of the internal combustion process. The expansion of the heat transfer fluid vapor converts thermal energy of the heat transfer fluid to mechanical energy.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine system that converts thermal energy from an exhaust of an engine to mechanical energy includes a heat exchanger thermally coupled to an exhaust from an internal combustion process. The heat exchanger receives a heat transfer fluid therein. A generator is coupled to the heat exchanger. The heat transfer fluid expands and evaporates in the generator in response to heat from the exhaust of the internal combustion process. The expansion of the heat transfer fluid vapor converts thermal energy of the heat transfer fluid to mechanical energy.

Abstract: A method for use in generating power in an internal combustion engine from combustion of a fuel admixed with an oxidizing gas and operating cyclically with intentional ignition of a first fuel or with self-ignition of a second fuel which includes changing a volume of a combustion chamber from a fixed minimum volume to a fixed maximum volume wherein the maximum volume is greater than a critical volume. The critical volume includes a volume of the chamber filled with an oxidizing gas at an initial temperature and an initial pressure such that when the temperature is compressed from the critical volume to the minimum volume the gas reaches a maximum temperature and a maximum pressure causing detonation of a first fuel, or the gas exceeds a maximum temperature and a maximum pressure predetermined for self-ignition of a second fuel.

Abstract: A method for use in generating power in an internal combustion engine includes controlling a flow of a gas having an initial temperature and an initial pressure to a combustion chamber of the engine by a controller through an intake mechanism to provide a first mass of the gas to the chamber. The combustion chamber is expanded from a minimum volume to a maximum volume in an intake stroke. The maximum volume of the chamber exceeds a maximum compression volume of the chamber. The first mass of the gas in the chamber has a first pressure and a first temperature at the maximum compression volume. The chamber is reduced to the compression volume from the maximum volume in a compression stroke. The compression volume is about a volume of the chamber such that the first mass of the gas at the first pressure and the first temperature in the chamber is less than a maximum mass detonating with a fuel by the end of the compression stroke in a gasoline engine.

Abstract: An instrument for measuring sub-pico Tesla magnetic fields using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) inductively coupled to an unshielded gradiometer includes a filter for filtering magnetically-and electrically coupled radio frequency interference (RFI) away from the SQUID. This RFI is principally coupled to the SQUID via the unshielded gradiometer. The filter circuit includes a resistor-capacitor (RC) combination interconnected to first and second terminals so that it is parallel to both an input coil of the SQUID and the gradiometer. In addition, a shielding enclosure is used to electromagnetically shield the filter circuit from the SQUID, and a method is employed to increase the impedance between the input coil and the SQUID without diminishing the overall sensitivity of the instrument.

Abstract: An instrument for measuring sub-pico Tesla magnetic fields using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) inductively coupled to an unshielded gradiometer includes a filter for filtering magnetically—and electrically coupled radio frequency interference (RFI) away from the SQUID. This RFI is principally coupled to the SQUID via the unshielded gradiometer. In addition, a shielding enclosure is used to electromagnetically shield the filter circuit from the SQUID, and a method is employed to increase the impedance between the input coil and the SQUID without diminishing the overall sensitivity of the instrument.

Abstract: Improved calibrations associated with superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) are accomplished using a single calibration ring that is placed on an outer dewar wall. During initial calibration, a standard current is passed through the calibration ring and channel responses are measured and recorded. During re-calibration, any channel responses that have changed from the original value U to a new value U′, are identified and the corresponding empirical coefficients for these channels are changed from an old value of C to a new value C′ given by: C′=(U′/U)C Channel responses in subsequent measurements are divided by these coefficients C′ in order to make them equal for equal magnetic field inputs, or to provide equal channel sensitivities.

Abstract: A magnetic dipole model based on MCG data of the heart is used to localize cardiac tissue afflicted with ischemia. The direction of displacement of the dipole during the ST segment, superimposed on the heart's general outline, indicates a rough location of the ischemic cardiac tissue. Furthermore, the extent of ischemia is quantified based upon the how much displacement occurs in the ST segment. For example, if significant dipole's displacement occurs in the first quarter of the ST segment, then it is identified as a first-degree ischemia. Similarly, if displacement occurs in ½, ¾, or 1 full ST segment, then the level of ischemia is identified as second degree, third degree, or fourth degree ischemia (fourth degree being the worst kind of ischemia where the dipole's position is dynamic all through the ST segment).

Abstract: Improved calibrations associated with superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) are accomplished using a single calibration ring that is placed on an outer dewar wall. During initial calibration, a standard current is passed through the calibration ring and channel responses are measured and recorded.

Abstract: High balance, in the range of about 4×10−4 to about 10−3, is achieved in a gradiometer using Pyrex as the gradiometer support material. A superior technique is disclosed for winding superconducting wire loops with equal loop areas wherein cyanoacrylate glue is used to reduce slack in the wire in the process of winding. Furthermore, a minimal number of turns for each gradiometer type are used to maintain gradiometer sensitivity and to maintain high degree of mechanical balance. Additionally, low sensitivity SQUID magnetometers with optimally selected loop areas are placed among gradiometer channels in the directions of x, y, and z to measure magnetic fields. These measured fields are then fed into the gradiometer with coefficients roughly equal to (−1) (inversion) to compensate for the imbalances in the x, y, and z direction.

Abstract: A device for separating particulate matter from a fluid in which such particles are dispersed by causing the fluid to flow longitudinally through a conduit of uniform cross-section and in which a plurality of elements are disposed, with the first of the elements being disposed at an input end of the conduit and sealed against the inner wall thereof. The fluid is caused to flow through the conduit at a velocity such that the particles are fluid-borne. The remainder of the elements are offset laterally inward of the conduit wall by a distance which increases as a function of each element's numerical position after the first element and they are equally spaced apart in a longitudinal direction to provide a gap between successive pairs thereof. Each element, except for an outtake orifice, includes an inner surface disposed at an oblique angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the conduit.