Abstract: A system (100) and a method for marking a product (10) utilize an encoding that specifies the presence or absence of each of a plurality of luminescent materials, at least one of which exhibits a predetermined decay behavior. The decay behavior of a plurality of different materials is detected, and based thereon the presence or absence of the luminescent materials is inferred. A corresponding encoding specifies whether or not the respective materials are present. In this way, different encodings can be associated in advance with different properties of the product (10). The luminescent materials that specify the associated encoding can be applied to the product (10) as a mark (20) in accordance with a determined property of the product (10).

Abstract: A method (200) for operating an exhaust gas system (120) that includes a first catalytic converter (122) and at least one second catalytic converter (124), which are both arranged downstream from an internal combustion engine (110) The internal combustion engine (110) is controlled to generate a rich exhaust gas having a first rich gas portion, (220) a fill level of the second catalytic converter (124) is ascertained with respect to at least one lean gas component that is storable in the second catalytic converter and, if the ascertained fill level drops below (230) a minimum fill level, (240) the internal combustion engine (110) is controlled to generate a lean exhaust gas. The internal combustion engine (110) is then controlled to generate a rich exhaust gas having a second rich gas portion, and subsequently controlled (210) to generate the rich exhaust gas having the first rich gas portion.

Abstract: A method (200) for operating an exhaust gas system (120) that includes a first catalytic converter (122) and at least one second catalytic converter (124),which are both arranged downstream from an internal combustion engine (110) The internal combustion engine (110) is controlled to generate a rich exhaust gas having a first rich gas portion, (220) a fill level of the second catalytic converter (124) is ascertained with respect to at least one lean gas component that is storable in the second catalytic converter and, if the ascertained fill level drops below (230) a minimum fill level, (240) the internal combustion engine (110) is controlled to generate a lean exhaust gas. The internal combustion engine (110) is then controlled to generate a rich exhaust gas having a second rich gas portion, and subsequently controlled (210) to generate the rich exhaust gas having the first rich gas portion.

Abstract: A system (100) and a method for marking a product (10) utilize an encoding that specifies the presence or absence of each of a plurality of luminescent materials, at least one of which exhibits a predetermined decay behavior. The decay behavior of a plurality of different materials is detected, and based thereon the presence or absence of the luminescent materials is inferred. A corresponding encoding specifies whether or not the respective materials are present. In this way, different encodings can be associated in advance with different properties of the product (10). The luminescent materials that specify the associated encoding can be applied to the product (10) as a mark (20) in accordance with a determined property of the product (10).

Abstract: A drive device for an electric bicycle includes a drive housing rigidly connected to a frame of the electric bicycle and a bottom bracket shaft arranged to rotate in the drive housing. First and second pedal cranks are arranged at respective ends of the bottom bracket shaft. The first and second pedal cranks are arranged to rotate with the bottom bracket shaft. A summing hollow shaft is rotatably supported in the drive housing. The summing hollow shaft is directly connected to the bottom bracket shaft via a cyclist's freewheel and, via a motor freewheel, to a gear driven by an electric motor. The summing hollow shaft is connected to a chain wheel for rotation therewith. A sensor assembly fixedly arranged in the drive housing includes a first torque sensor which cooperates with the bottom bracket shaft, and a second torque sensor which cooperates with the summing hollow shaft.

Abstract: A drive device for an electric bicycle includes a drive housing rigidly connected to a frame of the electric bicycle and a bottom bracket shaft arranged to rotate in the drive housing. First and second pedal cranks are arranged at respective ends of the bottom bracket shaft. The first and second pedal cranks are arranged to rotate with the bottom bracket shaft. A summing hollow shaft is rotatably supported in the drive housing. The summing hollow shaft is directly connected to the bottom bracket shaft via a cyclist's freewheel and, via a motor freewheel, to a gear driven by an electric motor. The summing hollow shaft is connected to a chain wheel for rotation therewith. A sensor assembly fixedly arranged in the drive housing includes a first torque sensor which cooperates with the bottom bracket shaft, and a second torque sensor which cooperates with the summing hollow shaft.

Abstract: A method for operating a wireless communication connection comprising a first device using a first standard for LANs and providing a first radio coverage area, a second device operating according to a second standard and providing a second radio coverage area, the first and the second coverage areas overlapping, a mobile device operable according to the first and the second standards and a central interface device between the LAN and a switched telephone network, a voice data transmission according to the first standard is prioritized by the mobile device. A measurement is performed and a message including the measurement result and topology information relating to the LAN is transmitted to the central device. The central device uses the message to decide for a changeover of the operation of an existing connection from the first area to the second area, the mobile device initiating the changeover based on the decision.

Abstract: A system and method for product planning that require conversion among various alternative units of measure. The system receives three inputs: (1) a conversion relation between a base unit of measure and an alternative unit of measure, (2) a degree of precision for storage, and (3) a length of conversion factor allocated by the system. The system determines an increment quantity, which represents the smallest quantity of the material used as a base quantity in the manufacturing and design process, while maintaining the degree of precision for storage and the length of the conversion relation. The system then adjusts the conversion relation between the base unit of measure and the alternative unit of measure to correspond to the increment quantity. The increment quantity and the adjusted conversion relation are stored in the system.

Abstract: A method for operating a wireless communication connection comprising a first device using a first standard for LANs and providing a first radio coverage area, a second device operating according to a second standard and providing a second radio coverage area, the first and the second coverage areas overlapping, a mobile device operable according to the first and the second standards and a central interface device between the LAN and a switched telephone network, a voice data transmission according to the first standard is prioritized by the mobile device. A measurement is performed and a message including the measurement result and topology information relating to the LAN is transmitted to the central device. The central device uses the message to decide for a changeover of the operation of an existing connection from the first area to the second area, the mobile device initiating the changeover based on the decision.

Abstract: A system and method for product planning that require conversion among various alternative units of measure. The system receives three inputs: (1) a conversion relation between a base unit of measure and an alternative unit of measure, (2) a degree of precision for storage, and (3) a length of conversion factor allocated by the system. The system determines an increment quantity, which represents the smallest quantity of the material used as a base quantity in the manufacturing and design process, while maintaining the degree of precision for storage and the length of the conversion relation. The system then adjusts the conversion relation between the base unit of measure and the alternative unit of measure to correspond to the increment quantity. The increment quantity and the adjusted conversion relation are stored in the system.

Abstract: A control apparatus for measuring usage time including an information carrier in the form of a token having magnetizable regions; the latter store information consisting of individual magnetic signals upon insertion of a coin corresponding to the time thereof. The token is interrogated in a read device upon its insertion therein.