Abstract: An organic electronic device comprising an anode, a cathode, a semiconducting layer between the anode and the cathode and a hole transporting layer between the anode and the semiconducting layer, the hole-transporting layer comprising a co-polymer comprising repeat units of formula (I) and one or more co-repeat units: (I) wherein: Ar1 independently in each occurrence represents a fused aryl or fused heteroaryl group that may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents; Ar2 represents an aryl or heteroaryl group that may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents; R independently in each occurrence represents a substituent; and m is 1 or 2, preferably 1; and each Ar1 is directly bound to an aromatic or heteroaromatic group of a co-repeat unit.

Abstract: A method of increasing the lifetime of an ITO-free organic lighting system comprises: providing an organic lighting element having a substrate (12) bearing a set of anode electrode metal tracks (14), a conductive organic layer (16) over said metal tracks, an organic light emitting layer (18) over said conductive organic layer, and a cathode electrode layer (20) over said organic light emitting layer, wherein said metal comprises copper, and wherein said conductive organic layer comprises a doped conducting polymer, and driving the organic lighting element with a pulsed current drive. A biphasic pulse is employed having a first, on-phase with a defined current drive and a second, off-phase with a drive having a defined potential difference of zero volts across the lighting element. The anode electrode metal may have a higher work function than the cathode electrode layer. During said zero level drive portion the different work functions provide a reverse bias electric field within the organic lighting element.

Abstract: A layered structure for an organic electronic device comprising: •(i) a substrate; •(ii) an electrode deposited on said substrate; and •(iii) a hole injection layer (HIL) deposited on said electrode, wherein said electrode comprises a metal grid and an organic charge transporting polymer layer (CTL) which, together with said substrate, encapsulates said metal grid and protects it from being attacked by acidic species in the hole injection layer.

Abstract: An organic electronic device comprising an anode, a cathode, a semiconducting layer between the anode and the cathode and a hole transporting layer between the anode and the semiconducting layer, the hole-transporting layer comprising a co-polymer comprising repeat units of formula (I) and one or more co-repeat units: (I) wherein: Ar1 independently in each occurrence represents a fused aryl or fused heteroaryl group that may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents; Ar2 represents an aryl or heteroaryl group that may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents; R independently in each occurrence represents a substituent; and m is 1 or 2, preferably 1; and each Ar1 is directly bound to an aromatic or heteroaromatic group of a co-repeat unit.