Abstract: Described herein are peripheral nerve modulators (i.e. neuromodulators) and methods relating to peripheral nerve modulation. In an embodiments of peripheral neurostimulators described herein, neuromodulators comprise: a neuromodulator comprising a power source and an electric pulse generator; a solenoidal lead comprising a flexible polymer and a plurality of metal contacts, and a cable physically connecting the solenoidal lead to the neuromodulator.