Abstract: A request for a video may be received from a client device. A determination whether to transmit the video at a first video resolution or a second video resolution based on a quality of the video at the first video resolution when converted to the second video resolution at the client device may be made. The video may be transmitted to the client device at the determined first video resolution or the second video resolution.

Abstract: Videos associated with video resolutions may be received. A first bitrate for each of the video resolutions may be identified based on a first bitrate point associated with the videos where a quality of the videos at a first video resolution that is upscaled to a second video resolution is better than a quality of the videos at the second video resolution at bitrates below the first bitrate point. The upscaling of the first video resolution may correspond to converting the videos from the first video resolution to the second video resolution at a client device. The identified corresponding first bitrate may be assigned to each of the video resolutions.

Abstract: A method for encoding a spherical video is disclosed. The method includes mapping a frame of the spherical video to a two dimensional representation based on a projection. Further, in a prediction process the method includes determine whether at least one block associated with a prediction scheme is on a boundary of the two dimensional representation, and upon determining the at least one block associated with the prediction scheme is on the boundary, select an adjacent end block as a block including at least one pixel for use during the prediction process, the adjacent end block being associated with two or more boundaries of the two dimensional representation.

Abstract: A plurality of videos associated with a plurality of video resolutions may be received. A minimum bitrate may be identified for each of the video resolutions based on a first bitrate point associated with the videos where a quality of the videos at a first video resolution that is upscaled to a second video resolution is better than a quality of the videos at the second video resolution at bitrates below the first bitrate point. Furthermore, a maximum bitrate may be identified for each of the video resolutions based on a second bitrate point where the rate of change of the quality of the videos is below a threshold value. The identified minimum bitrates and the maximum bitrates may be assigned to the video resolutions.

Abstract: Decoding encoded transform coefficients of a current block includes initializing a decoder state of a state machine having Boolean and symbol ANS decoders. The decoder state includes an ANS state and a buffer position within a buffer storing a variable string including the encoded transform coefficients. The transform coefficients are sequentially produced from the variable string using the state machine by processing a binary flag/bit using the Boolean ANS decoder and processing a token using the symbol ANS decoder. Each decoder performs state normalization when the ANS state is outside a valid state range, performs output computation to generate an output value for the binary flag/bit or token using the ANS state and a probability, and updates the ANS state using the output value and the probability as inputs. The decoder state evolution operations may be different. An encoder state machine having Boolean and symbol ANS encoders is also described.

Abstract: A method for encoding a spherical video is disclosed. The method includes mapping a frame of the spherical video to a two dimensional representation based on a projection. Further, in a prediction process the method includes determine whether at least one block associated with a prediction scheme is on a boundary of the two dimensional representation, and upon determining the at least one block associated with the prediction scheme is on the boundary, select an adjacent end block as a block including at least one pixel for use during the prediction process, the adjacent end block being associated with two or more boundaries of the two dimensional representation.