Abstract: Various examples of the disclosure pertain to determining a set of calendar aging values of a test cell of a rechargeable battery, e.g., LIBs. The set of calendar aging values of the test cell of the rechargeable battery corresponds to a set of Temperature-State of Charge (T-SOC) value pairs. The set of calendar aging values of the test cell of the rechargeable battery is determined based on a battery-generic reference model for calendar aging of a (specific or random) battery cell and on a further set of calendar aging values of the test cell of the rechargeable battery. The further set of calendar aging values is obtained/derived from measurements of the test cell of the rechargeable battery and corresponds to a further set of T-SOC value pairs.

Abstract: The dependency of the open circuit voltage on the state of charge of a battery, i.e., the OCV curve is determined, e.g., to facilitate determination of the state of health or state of charge of the battery. The OCV curve is determined based on the values of multiple independent parameters, e.g., half-cell potentials derived from degradation modes such as loss of lithium inventory or loss of active material at the cathode or anode.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a battery system is proposed. The method includes providing a sequence of pairs of measured current and voltage values that follow one another in time. The pairs of current and voltage values indicate the current flowing through the battery system and the voltage present at the battery system. The method also provides for an electrical equivalent model of the battery system to be provided. The equivalent electrical model has several impedances connected in series. Initial impedance parameter values are provided for the impedances of the equivalent electrical model. The method provides for adjusting a first impedance parameter of an impedance of the equivalent electrical model based on the difference between a first voltage value simulated based on the initial impedance parameter values and the first current value of the finite sequence and the first measured voltage value of the finite sequence. An optimized first impedance parameter value is thereby obtained.

Abstract: Systems and methods for managing use of a pharmaceutical product are provided. The systems and methods utilize an external cover and a container, along with a first material and a pharmaceutical product that are each contained within an internal space that exists when the external cover is in a closed position relative to the container. Release of the first material may bond the external cover to the container, may result in the first material coming into contact with the pharmaceutical product, or both.

Abstract: Systems and methods for managing use of a pharmaceutical product (112) are provided. The systems and methods utilize an external cover (150) and a container (110), along with a first material (160) and a pharmaceutical product (112) that are each contained within an internal space (116) that exists when the external cover (150) is in a closed position relative to the container (110). Release of the first material (160) may bond the external cover (150) to the container (110), may result in the first material (160) coming into contact with the pharmaceutical product (112), or both.

Abstract: Systems and methods for monitoring a container (180) for storing a pharmaceutical product (190) are presented. The container (180) may be monitored (210) such that container movement may be detected (212) and logic may be provided for determining if the movement was authorized. In the event of unauthorized movement, an alarm (140) may be activated (214) to alert a user or stakeholder of the unauthorized movement. The movement of the pharmaceutical product container (180) may be detected by way of a motion sensor (120) such as an accelerometer. The alarm (140) may comprise an auditory or visual alarm as well as a network communication indicative of the activation of an alarm. The alarm (140) may be prevented or canceled (218).