Abstract: Multiplexed affinity purification and thermal dissociation prior to biochip hybridization simplifies uncharacterized sample admixtures, thereby minimizing or eliminating sample interferents, improving hybridization specificity on a microarray detector, and minimizing or eliminating the need for post-hybridization thermal dissociation analysis. An integrated thermo-affinity sample preparation sub-circuit for sample purification and enrichment is described that is consistent with a field-portable form factor and analytical processes. Thermo-affinity sample preparation on model admixtures of varying complexity was efficacious.

Abstract: Multiplexed affinity purification and thermal dissociation prior to biochip hybridization simplifies uncharacterized sample admixtures, thereby minimizing or eliminating sample interferents, improving hybridization specificity on a microarray detector, and minimizing or eliminating the need for post-hybridization thermal dissociation analysis. An integrated thermo-affinity sample preparation sub-circuit for sample purification and enrichment is described that is consistent with a field-portable form factor and analytical processes. Thermo-affinity sample preparation on model admixtures of varying complexity was efficacious.

Abstract: A method of illumination and illumination apparatus are provided in a biochip reader. Illumination is provided by a non-collimated laser source or a light emitting diode (LED). The light is directed to opposing sides of a glass substrate by a pair of optical fiber bundles. The glass substrate carries a bioarray. Each of the optical fiber bundles are splayed out to make a fan, the fan being one fiber thick and defining a line of optical fiber faces. This process randomizes any non-uniformity in the illumination source, creating a more uniform illumination source. A respective divergent diffuser engages each row of optical fiber faces coupling and diffusing light substantially evenly through the opposing sides of the glass substrate to illuminate the bioarray supported by the glass substrate. The glass substrate functions as a secondary light guide. The divergent diffusers separate the optical fiber faces from the edges of the glass substrate, protecting the optical fibers from mechanical damage.

Abstract: Described herein is a novel approach for the immobilization of one or more biomolecules or biomolecule complexes to solid supports. The method describes the modification of a solid support, if required, attaching functionality to a biomolecule or biomolecule complex, and linking the biomolecule or biomolecule complex to the solid support. The described complexes are rapidly produced while conserving both orientation and functional activity of the utilized biomolecule or biomolecule complex. Thus, materials produced by this method thus have applications as nanomaterials for biosensor fabrication, screening microarrays, high-throughput drug discovery, and as a tool for combinatorial chemistry, to name only a few.

Abstract: ?-Amino-PEG conjugates, and processes and reagents for preparing ?-amino-PEG conjugates are described.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for 3?-aminomodifier CPG and 3?-aminomodified oligonucleotides are disclosed. Microarrays or biochips with 3?-aminomodified oligonucleotides are disclosed. A variety of detectable labels can be attached to 3?-aminomodified oligonucleotides.

Abstract: Macroporous polymer substrates have greater immobilization capacity for large biomolecules and better access for analytes than substrates used previously for microarrays. Microarrays are fabricated with macroporous polymer substrates, and nucleic acids, proteins and peptides are immobilized in the substrate. Microarrays with macroporous polymer substrates are useful in immunoassays, drug discovery studies and other biotechnological applications that involve large scale macromolecular interactions. Nucleic acid hybridizations, protein binding, and antigen-antibody interactions are analyzed using microarrays with macroporous polymer substrates.

Abstract: A method of illumination and illumination apparatus are provided in a biochip reader. Illumination is provided by a non-collimated laser source or a light emitting diode (LED). The light is directed to opposing sides of a glass substrate by a pair of optical fiber bundles. The glass substrate carries a bioarray. Each of the optical fiber bundles are splayed out to make a fan, the fan being one fiber thick and defining a line of optical fiber faces. This process randomizes any non-uniformity in the illumination source, creating a more uniform illumination source. A respective divergent diffuser engages each row of optical fiber faces coupling and diffusing light substantially evenly through the opposing sides of the glass substrate to illuminate the bioarray supported by the glass substrate. The glass substrate functions as a secondary light guide. The divergent diffusers separate the optical fiber faces from the edges of the glass substrate, protecting the optical fibers from mechanical damage.

Abstract: A method of illumination and illumination apparatus are provided in a biochip reader. Illumination is provided by a non-collimated laser source or a light emitting diode (LED). The light is directed to opposing sides of a glass substrate by a pair of optical fiber bundles. The glass substrate carries a bioarray. Each of the optical fiber bundles are splayed out to make a fan, the fan being one fiber thick and defining a line of optical fiber faces. This process randomizes any non-uniformity in the illumination source, creating a more uniform illumination source. A respective divergent diffuser engages each row of optical fiber faces coupling and diffusing light substantially evenly through the opposing sides of the glass substrate to illuminate the bioarray supported by the glass substrate. The glass substrate functions as a secondary light guide. The divergent diffusers separate the optical fiber faces from the edges of the glass substrate, protecting the optical fibers from mechanical damage.