Abstract: The system to improve protection of financial cards during and prior to use includes a financial company server, a financial card assigned to a customer and the customer's mobile electronic devices. The company server has a software program that handles account monetary requests that come through financial networks. The server communicates with the owner/customer of the card via the mobile electronic devices. An application is supplied by the financial company for the card holder's devices. When a transaction is attempted, the system determines the distance between the attempted card transaction and the card holder's device. Based on the calculated distance compared to a stored limit, a suggestion to deny or accept the transaction is displayed on the device, as well as virtual accept and deny buttons. A map of the transaction and the device may be displayed, to assist the customer in their decision to accept or deny the transaction.

Abstract: The system to improve protection of financial cards during and prior to use includes a financial company server, a financial card assigned to a customer and the customer's mobile electronic devices. The company server has a software program that handles account monetary requests that come through financial networks. The server communicates with the owner/customer of the card via the mobile electronic devices. An application is supplied by the financial company for the card holder's devices. When a transaction is attempted, the system determines the distance between the attempted card transaction and the card holder's device. Based on the calculated distance compared to a stored limit, a suggestion to deny or accept the transaction is displayed on the device, as well as virtual accept and deny buttons. A map of the transaction and the device may be displayed, to assist the customer in their decision to accept or deny the transaction.

Abstract: A wide dynamic range optical receiver has low and high sensitivity signal channels for converting first and second portions of an optical input signal into voltage values representative of the various portions of the optical input signal. The voltage signals are converted into digital values by a converting means and a reconstruction is performed in a combining means to produce a digital output representative of the optical input signal. The wide dynamic range optical receiver may be used in an optical signal measurement instrument, such as an optical time domain reflectometer, where the optical return signal from a fiber under test is coupled to the wide dynamic range optical receiver in first and second portions with the first portion having an optical power level substantially less than the second portion.