Abstract: A system can assign respective first elements of a first application programming interface (API) to respective first objects in a graph representation, wherein the respective objects correspond to respective syntactic representations of the first API. The system can determine that an action, taken with respect to a user account, has invoked a second API via an API call, wherein respective second elements of the second API are assigned to respective second objects in the graph representation. The system can determine that the first API satisfies a first similarity criterion with respect to the second API. The system can determine that the first API is superior to the second API according to a second criterion. The system can send, for access via the user account, an indication of the second API.