Abstract: A gating mechanism that uses a capillary stabilized liquid as a reversible, reconfigurable gate that fills and seals pores in the closed state, and creates a non-fouling, liquid-lined pore in the open state is disclosed. Theoretical modeling and experiments demonstrate that for each transport substance, the gating threshold—the pressure needed to open the pores—can be rationally tuned over a wide pressure range. This enables realizing in one system differential response profiles for a variety of liquids and gases, even letting liquids flow through the pore while preventing gas from escaping. These capabilities allow dynamic modulation of gas-liquid sorting and to separate multi-phase mixtures, with the liquid lining ensuring sustained antifouling behavior.

Abstract: A gating mechanism that uses a capillary stabilized liquid as a reversible, reconfigurable gate that fills and seals pores in the closed state, and creates a non-fouling, liquid-lined pore in the open state is disclosed. Theoretical modeling and experiments demonstrate that for each transport substance, the gating threshold—the pressure needed to open the pores—can be rationally tuned over a wide pressure range. This enables realizing in one system differential response profiles for a variety of liquids and gases, even letting liquids flow through the pore while preventing gas from escaping. These capabilities allow dynamic modulation of gas-liquid sorting and to separate multi-phase mixtures, with the liquid lining ensuring sustained antifouling behavior.

Abstract: A first signal shaper generates a first signal having a first asymmetry. A second signal shaper generates a second signal having a second asymmetry different from the first asymmetry. The first and second signals have approximately the same peak-to-peak amplitude. An AC measurement element acquires a first scaled representation of the shape of the first signal and a second scaled representation of the shape of the second signal. A DC measurement element receives the first signal and the second signal and generates a first value responsive to the first signal and a second value responsive to the second signal. A processor calculates a first factor responsive to the shape of the first signal and a second factor responsive to the shape of the second signal. The processor applies the first and second factors and the first and second values in a function that generates the AC/DC cross-calibration coefficient.

Abstract: A controllable delay element is coupled in parallel with a calibration circuit. The calibration circuit receives a periodic reference signal and generates a series of sample voltages responsive to a time-varying analog voltage, the periodic reference signal, and the delayed periodic signal at the output of the controllable delay element. The calibration circuit distributes the series of sampled voltages for determining the components of a first vector. The first vector components are used to calculate the phase that results from a control signal applied to the controllable delay element. After the control signal is modified, a second vector is used to calculate the phase that results from the control signal. The delay can be determined by the product of the period of the reference signal and the difference in phase.

Abstract: A first signal shaper generates a first signal having a first asymmetry. A second signal shaper generates a second signal having a second asymmetry different from the first asymmetry. The first and second signals have approximately the same peak-to-peak amplitude. An AC measurement element acquires a first scaled representation of the shape of the first signal and a second scaled representation of the shape of the second signal. A DC measurement element receives the first signal and the second signal and generates a first value responsive to the first signal and a second value responsive to the second signal. A processor calculates a first factor responsive to the shape of the first signal and a second factor responsive to the shape of the second signal. The processor applies the first and second factors and the first and second values in a function that generates the AC/DC cross-calibration coefficient.

Abstract: A controllable delay element is coupled in parallel with a calibration circuit. The calibration circuit receives a periodic reference signal and generates a series of sample voltages responsive to a time-varying analog voltage, the periodic reference signal, and the delayed periodic signal at the output of the controllable delay element. The calibration circuit distributes the series of sampled voltages for determining the components of a first vector. The first vector components are used to calculate the phase that results from a control signal applied to the controllable delay element. After the control signal is modified, a second vector is used to calculate the phase that results from the control signal. The delay can be determined by the product of the period of the reference signal and the difference in phase.

Abstract: The invention describes a method of efficient way of video delivery in the legacy (non-802.11e) infrastructure networks and a device (Transmitter) based on this method. The invention permits the video stream to bypass the access point and therefore increases the available bandwidth by a factor of two or more and permits increasing the throughput by improving only the radio and antenna on the Transmitter (as opposed to improvements on both the Transmitter and AP necessary without the invention).

Abstract: Method of transmitting DSL data over 2 POTS loops providing concurrent operation of 2 telephone lines and one DSL line over up to a 10 km loop.

Abstract: A small-size magnetoresistive device which allows measurement of spatial distribution of magnetic field along one axis with high resolution is disclosed. The magnetoresistive device includes: a magnetoresistive stripe oriented along the measurement axis; a plurality of conductive layers comprising electrodes distributed along the length of the stripe, separated by insulating layers. The measurement of the spatial distribution of the magnetic field is performed by analyzing signal levels between electrodes.

Abstract: An apparatus for servo track writing on a magnetic medium comprises a clock head (12) and a regular head (14). The regular head (14) writes an initial approximation of the clock track so as to leave a small gap between the last written pulse of the clock track and the first pulse of the clock track. Then this gap is measured by gap measurement system (33) and the frequency of clock track is updated using a direct digital synthesis system (35) so as to fill a full clock track during the next writing. The initial clock track is read by regular head (14) and its output signal is supplied to a phase locked loop. The output of the phase locked loop drives a direct digital synthesis system (35), which generates a modified frequency on its output. A signal of this frequency, in turn, is supplied to the clock head (12), which writes a new improved clock track on the disk.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring the error rate of a magnetic recording device, such as a hard disk storing a set of data. The apparatus has a partial response maximum likelihood data detecting channel (PRML channel) which differs from a conventional PRML channel by including a noise processing unit (66) which is connected between the output of an A/D converter (54) and the input of a sequence detector (60), and a histogrammer (70), which is connected to the output of a noise processing unit. The method consists of estimating a sequence of noise samples received from the output of the A/D converter (54), processing the sequence of noise samples according to a plurality of predetermined sets of processing coefficients, accumulating a plurality of histograms of segregated processed noise samples, and processing the plurality of histograms so as to determine a dependence of a number of errors on a preselected criterion which characterizes a signal-to-noise ratio of the PRML channel.