Abstract: An artificial downwelling system, for example, can include one or more free-floating, self-propelled, or anchored wave-inertia pumps. In one embodiment, the wave-inertia pumps may be deployed on the oceanic side of an upwelling front. For example, the wave-inertia pump may pump warm surface water to deeper cold layers (e.g., below a sheared pycnocline of upwelling water) to disrupt the coastal upwelling. In some embodiments, a productivity of the artificial downwelling system can be controlled through remote telemetry, telecommand, and/or electromechanical tools. The artificial downwelling system may, for example, be powered by wave energy, and can be controlled using a telemechanical system powered by wind energy, and/or solar panel energy backed by electrical batteries.

Abstract: Systems and methods to detect ferromagnetic objects, particularly submerged, non-naturally occurring ferromagnetic objects, account for contributions to the magnetic field arising from topography, such as magnetic refraction at bathymetric slopes. Removing this topography component of noise from detected total magnetic field enhances detection capability of, for example, naval surveillance systems.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method and means to promote green infrastructure and agriculture, reduce the incidence of forest fires in arid and semi-arid coastal regions, and mitigate harmful algal blooms. An artificial downwelling system, for example, can include one or more free-floating, self-propelled, or anchored wave-inertia pumps. In one embodiment, the wave-inertia pumps may be deployed on the oceanic side of an upwelling front. For example, the wave-inertia pump may pump warm surface water to deeper cold layers (e.g., below a sheared pycnocline of upwelling water) to disrupt the coastal upwelling. In some embodiments, a productivity of the artificial downwelling system can be controlled through remote telemetry, telecommand, and/or electromechanical tools. The artificial downwelling system may, for example, be powered by wave energy, and can be controlled using a telemechanical system powered by wind energy, and/or solar panel energy backed by electrical batteries.

Abstract: Heat storage of the sea is increased during the summer time by pumping relatively warmer surface water with wave-action pumps to the deeper layers with relatively cooler water. In locations where currents are minimal in these deeper layers, the lateral displacement of the warmer water introduced by wave-inertial pumps will be minimized. During the winter season, this additional heat will intensify evaporation from the sea, which will increase precipitation in the nearby continental zone. This “natural desalination process” using the energy of surface waves will bring additional freshwater to arid coastal areas during wintertime.

Abstract: Heat storage of the sea is increased during the summer time by pumping relatively warmer surface water with wave-action pumps to the deeper layers with relatively cooler water. In locations where currents are minimal in these deeper layers, the lateral displacement of the warmer water introduced by wave-inertial pumps will be minimized. During the winter season, this additional heat will intensify evaporation from the sea, which will increase precipitation in the nearby continental zone. This “natural desalination process” using the energy of surface waves will bring additional freshwater to arid coastal areas during wintertime.