Abstract: Physical authentication devices and systems using such devices may be provided. A device may include a first substrate having first and second surfaces, and an NFC circuit coupled to the first substrate. The NFC circuit may be configured to transmit first information. The device may include a transparent second substrate coupled to the first surface. The device may include a plurality of rare earth phosphors positioned in or on the substrate, such as within the transparent second substrate or between the first substrate and the transparent second substrate. Each rare earth phosphor may be configured to emit at least one wavelength of light when irradiated with an irradiating wavelength of light, the irradiating wavelength being different from the at least one wavelength of light. In some embodiments, a magnet may be coupled to the second surface. In some embodiments, the transparent second substrate may be adhered to the first substrate.

Abstract: A method of creating a three dimensional model of a unique body is provided, said method comprising obtaining a three dimensional model of a standard body and obtaining a two dimensional image of the unique body that is to be modelled. The method further comprises determining a location of the unique body in said image and determining a position of the unique body in said image, using the determined location and position data to extract a two dimensional outline of the unique body from the two dimensional image. The method further comprises selecting a measurement for which a value is to be calculated for the unique body, calculating a value of said selected measurement from the extracted two dimensional outline, using said calculated value of the selected measurement to update a corresponding measurement on the three dimensional model of a standard body, and outputting the updated three dimensional model of a standard body as a three dimensional model of the unique body.

Abstract: A method of creating a three dimensional model of a unique body is provided, said method comprising obtaining a three dimensional model of a standard body and obtaining a two dimensional image of the unique body that is to be modelled. The method further comprises determining a location of the unique body in said image and determining a position of the unique body in said image, using the determined location and position data to extract a two dimensional outline of the unique body from the two dimensional image. The method further comprises selecting a measurement for which a value is to be calculated for the unique body, calculating a value of said selected measurement from the extracted two dimensional outline, using said calculated value of the selected measurement to update a corresponding measurement on the three dimensional model of a standard body, and outputting the up dated three dimensional model of a standard body as a three dimensional model of the unique body.