Abstract: A system and method provide two-qubit gates and quantum computing circuits built therefrom. Pairs of qubits are inductively or capacitively coupled using a coupler that is driven using an off-resonant microwave drive. By controlling the drive, the ZZ interaction between the qubits can be precisely controlled. In particular, the interaction may be selectively reduced or suppressed, thereby isolating the qubits from each other, or the interaction may be increased to provide fast, controlled-Z, two-qubit gates with high fidelity. Moreover, qubits and couplers may be arranged according to their resonant frequencies into unit cells and replicated to arbitrary size, thereby forming a quantum computer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods, systems, and devices including a tunable coupler design that harnesses interference due to higher energy levels to achieve zero static ZZ coupling between the two qubits. Biasing to zero ZZ interaction, a fast perfect entangler is realized with parametric flux modulation in less than 20 ns. The disclosed coupler provides very fast gates between far-detuned fixed frequency qubits, and is a crucial building block in scaled quantum computers.

Abstract: Provided is a high-density multi-component package comprising a first module interconnect pad and a second module interconnect pad. At least two electronic components are mounted to and between the first module interconnect pad and the second module interconnect pad wherein a first electronic component is vertically oriented relative to the first module interconnect pad. A second electronic component is vertically oriented relative to the second module interconnect pad.

Abstract: The method can perform a quantum computation including, in sequence, initializing a plurality of qubits of a quantum processor, applying a sequence of quantum logic gates onto the qubits in accordance with a parameterized quantum circuit which is based on a problem Hamiltonian H?problem and at least one additional Hamiltonian H?k which does not commute with H?problem, and measuring the expectation value of H?problem in the final state of the qubits.

Abstract: The generally quantum system can have : a first quantum subsystem having a first set of eigenstates; a second quantum subsystem having a second set of eigenstates; a coupler connected to both the first quantum system and to the second quantum system, the coupler having a third set of eigenstates; at least one interaction drive configured to control interaction between the first set of eigenstates and the second set of eigenstates via transitions within the third set of eigenstates; an auxiliary quantum subsystem connected to the coupler; and an attenuation drive selectively operable at a drive amplitude to generate a set of stabilized states in the auxiliary quantum system, said set of stabilized states being entangled with the third set of eigenstates in a manner that the probability of said transition within the third set of eigenstates is set by a probability of transition in the set of stabilized states.

Abstract: A quantum circuit called a “qumon” is provided to cancel unwanted ZZ interaction in a superconducting qubit architecture. The qumon qubit has a high coherence, and a positive anharmonicity that may be tuned to cancel the negative anharmonicity in a coupled qubit, such as a transmon qubit. The qumon has three parallel branches, in which are a shunt capacitor; a Josephson junction having weighted energy level and capacitance; and several Josephson junctions in series. The weight is chosen to provide the desired anharmonicity, and the transverse flux noise and transverse charge noise each decrease in proportion to the number of the Josephson junctions in series. Because unwanted ZZ interactions are canceled, qumon qubits and transmon qubits may be capacitively coupled in an alternating pattern to provide a surface code in which these interactions are canceled in an extensible way.

Abstract: A quantum circuit called a “qumon” is provided to cancel unwanted ZZ interaction in a superconducting qubit architecture. The qumon qubit has a high coherence, and a positive anharmonicity that may be tuned to cancel the negative anharmonicity in a coupled qubit, such as a transmon qubit. The qumon has three parallel branches, in which are a shunt capacitor; a Josephson junction having weighted energy level and capacitance; and several Josephson junctions in series. The weight is chosen to provide the desired anharmonicity, and the transverse flux noise and transverse charge noise each decrease in proportion to the number of the Josephson junctions in series. Because unwanted ZZ interactions are canceled, qumon qubits and transmon qubits may be capacitively coupled in an alternating pattern to provide a surface code in which these interactions are canceled in an extensible way.

Abstract: Provided is a high-density multi-component package comprising a first module interconnect pad and a second module interconnect pad. At least two electronic components are mounted to and between the first module interconnect pad and the second module interconnect pad wherein a first electronic component is vertically oriented relative to the first module interconnect pad. A second electronic component is vertically oriented relative to the second module interconnect pad.

Abstract: A method and circuit QED implementation of a control-phase quantum logic gate UCP(?)=diag[1,1,1, ei?]. Two qubits Qi, two resonators Ra, Rb and a modulator. Q1 and Q2, each has a frequency ?qi and characterized by {circumflex over (?)}zi. Ra is associated with Q1 and defined by a quantum non-demolition (QND) longitudinal coupling g1z{circumflex over (?)}1z(â†+â). Rb is integrated into Ra, the QND second longitudinal coupling is defined by Ra as g2z{circumflex over (?)}2z({circumflex over (b)}†+{circumflex over (b)}) or, when Rb is integrated into Ra, the QND second longitudinal coupling is defined by Ra as g2z{circumflex over (?)}2z(â†+â) The modulator periodically modulates, at a frequency ?m during a time t, the longitudinal coupling strengths g1z and g2z with respective signals of respective amplitudes {tilde over (g)}1 and {tilde over (g)}2. Selecting a defined value for each of t, g1z and g2z determines ? to specify a quantum logical operation performed by the gate.

Abstract: A method of quantum processing using a quantum processor comprising a plurality of Kerr non-linear oscillators (KNOs), each operably drivable by both i) a controllable single-boson drive and ii) a controllable two-boson drive, the method comprising simultaneously controlling a drive frequency and a drive amplitude of the controllable single-boson drives to define a problem and controlling a drive frequency and a drive amplitude of the two-photon drives to define the Hilbert space, including increasing the amplitude of the two-boson drive and reaching both amplitude conditions a) 4 times the amplitude of the two-boson drives being greater than the loss rate, and b) the amplitude of the two-boson drives being greater than the amplitude of the single-boson drive, and maintaining both amplitude conditions a) and b) until a solution to the problem is reached; and reading the solution.

Abstract: A method and circuit QED implementation of a control-phase quantum logic gate UCP(?)=diag[1, 1, 1, ei?]. Two qubits Qi, two resonators Ra, Rb and a modulator. Q1 and Q2, each has a frequency ?qi and characterized by ?zi. Ra is associated with Q1 and defined by a quantum non-demolition (QND) longitudinal coupling g1z?1z(â†+â). Rb is integrated into Ra, the QND second longitudinal coupling is defined by Ra as g2z?2z({circumflex over (b)}†+{circumflex over (b)}) or, when Rb is integrated into Ra, the QND second longitudinal coupling is defined by Ra as g2z?2z(â†+â) The modulator periodically modulates, at a frequency ?m during a time t, the longitudinal coupling strengths g1z and g2z with respective signals of respective amplitudes {tilde over (g)}1 and {tilde over (g)}2. Selecting a defined value for each of t, g1z and g2z determines ? to specify a quantum logical operation performed by the gate. Q1 and Q2 are decoupled when either one of g1z and g2z is to set to 0.

Abstract: A method of quantum processing using a quantum processor comprising a plurality of Kerr non-linear oscillators (KNOs), each operably drivable by both i) a controllable single-boson drive and ii) a controllable two-boson drive, the method comprising simultaneously controlling a drive frequency and a drive amplitude of the controllable single-boson drives to define a problem and controlling a drive frequency and a drive amplitude of the two-photon drives to define the Hilbert space, including increasing the amplitude of the two-boson drive and reaching both amplitude conditions a) 4 times the amplitude of the two-boson drives being greater than the loss rate, and b) the amplitude of the two-boson drives being greater than the amplitude of the single-boson drive, and maintaining both amplitude conditions a) and b) until a solution to the problem is reached; and reading the solution.

Abstract: Method and circuit for reading a value {circumflex over (?)}z stored in a quantum information unit (qubit) memory having a qubit frequency ?a, with a resonator defined by a resonator damping rate ?, a resonator frequency ?r, a resonator electromagnetic field characterized by ↠and â, a longitudinal coupling strength gz, an output âout and a longitudinal coupling gz{circumflex over (?)}z(â†+â). At a quantum non-demolition (QND) longitudinal modulator, periodically modulating the longitudinal coupling strength gz with a signal of amplitude {tilde over (g)}z at least three (3) times greater than the resonator damping rate ? and of frequency ?m with ?m+? resonant with ?r, wherein the longitudinal coupling strength gz varies over time (t) in accordance with gz(t)=gz+{tilde over (g)}z cos(?mt) with gz representing an average value of gz and at a QND homodyne detector, measuring the value {circumflex over (?)}z of the qubit memory from a phase reading of the output {circumflex over (?)}out.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a method for producing an enhanced fertilizer, comprising the step of mixing a granular fertilizer with a ferment comprising active bacteria in a fermentation medium, to obtain an enhanced fertilizer. The ferment is used at a rate of at most 3 liters of ferment per ton of fertilizer. In accordance with the present invention, there is also provided an enhanced fertilizer comprising a fertilizer and bacteria chosen for their specific properties on crops or vegetation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an enhanced fertilizer. In particular, the invention relates to an enhanced fertilizer comprising fertilizer particles, lactic acid bacteria and bacteria of the Baciliaceae family. The present invention also relates to an enhancer for a fertilizer and a soil additive to enhance plant growth. Also described herein are methods for increasing growth, development or yield of a plant and methods of enhancing a soil for increasing growth, development or yield of a plant. Methods for producing the enhanced fertilizer are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an enhanced fertilizer. In particular, the invention relates to an enhanced fertilizer comprising fertilizer particles, lactic acid bacteria and bacteria of the Baciliaceae family. The present invention also relates to an enhancer for a fertilizer and a soil additive to enhance plant growth. Also described herein are methods for increasing growth, development or yield of a plant and methods of enhancing a soil for increasing growth, development or yield of a plant. Methods for producing the enhanced fertilizer are also described.

Abstract: A method for reading out the state of a mesoscopic phase device. In the method the mesoscopic phase device is coherently coupled to a mesoscopic charge device using a phase shift device and the quantum state of the mesoscopic charge device is measured. A method for reading out the quantum state of a qubit in a heterogeneous quantum register. The heterogeneous quantum register includes a first plurality of phase qubits and a second plurality of charge qubits. In the method a first phase qubit or a first charge qubit in the heterogeneous quantum register is selected. The first phase qubit or the first charge qubit is coherently connected to a mesoscopic charge device for a duration tc. The quantum state of the mesoscopic charge device is read out after the duration tc has elapsed.

Abstract: The present invention involves a quantum computing structure, comprising: one or more logical qubits, which is encoded into a plurality of superconducting qubits; and each of the logical qubits comprises at least one operating qubit and at least one ancilla qubit. Also provided is a method of quantum computing, comprising: performing encoded quantum computing operations with logical qubits that are encoded into superconducting operating qubits and superconducting ancilla qubits. The present invention further involves a method of error correction for a quantum computing structure comprising: presenting a plurality of logical qubits, each of which comprises an operating physical qubit and an ancilla physical qubit, wherein the logical states of the plurality of logical qubits are formed from a tensor product of the states of the operating and ancilla qubits; and wherein the states of the ancilla physical qubits are suppressed; and applying strong pulses to the grouping of logical qubits.

Abstract: A method for performing a single-qubit gate on an arbitrary quantum state. An ancillary qubit is set to an initial state |I>. The data qubit is coupled to an ancillary qubit. The state of the ancillary qubit is measured, and the data qubit and the ancillary qubit are coupled for a first period of time. A method for applying a single-qubit gate to an arbitrary quantum state. A state of a first and second ancillary qubit are set to an entangled initial state |I>. A state of a data qubit and the first ancillary qubit are measured thereby potentially performing a single qubit operation on the arbitrary quantum state. A first result is determined. The first result indicates whether the single qubit operation applied the single qubit gate to the arbitrary quantum state.

Abstract: A solid-state quantum computing qubit includes a multi-terminal junction coupled to a superconducting loop where the superconducting loop introduces a phase shift to the superconducting order parameter. The ground state of the supercurrent in the superconducting loop and multi-terminal junction is doubly degenerate, with two supercurrent ground states having distinct magnetic moments. These quantum states of the supercurrents in the superconducting loop create qubits for quantum computing. The quantum states can be initialized by applying transport currents to the external leads. Arbitrary single qubit operations may be performed by varying the transport current and/or an externally applied magnetic field. Read-out may be performed using direct measurement of the magnetic moment of the qubit state, or alternatively, radio-frequency single electron transistor electrometers can be used as read-out devices when determining a result of the quantum computing.