Abstract: A phased array ultrasound device includes transducer elements arranged in a two dimensional array; first electrodes, each first electrode extending along a first direction; and second electrodes, each second electrode extending along a second direction, where each transducer element is associated with one first electrode and one second electrode, where each transducer element includes a material located between its associated first electrode and second electrode, and is configured to emit an ultrasonic wave induced by a vibration force or an oscillation force of its material when the transducer element is actuated based on control signals applied to its associated first electrode and second electrode, where each transducer element has a unipolar actuation force direction, and where the phased array ultrasound device is configured to create a pressure focus point by actuating a set of transducer elements to form a combined ultrasonic wave.

Abstract: A micromirror array includes a substrate, a plurality of mirrors for reflecting incident radiation, and for each mirror of the plurality of mirrors, a respective post connecting the substrate to the respective mirror. The micromirror array further includes, for each mirror of the plurality of mirrors, one or more electrostatic actuators connected to the substrate for applying force to the respective post to displace the respective post relative to the substrate, thereby displacing the respective mirror. Also disclosed is a method of forming such a micromirror array. The micromirror array may be used in a programmable illuminator. The programmable illuminator may be used in a lithographic apparatus and/or in an inspection apparatus.

Abstract: A phased array ultrasound device includes transducer elements arranged in a two dimensional array; first electrodes, each first electrode extending along a first direction; and second electrodes, each second electrode extending along a second direction, where each transducer element is associated with one first electrode and one second electrode, where each transducer element includes a material located between its associated first electrode and second electrode, and is configured to emit an ultrasonic wave induced by a vibration force or an oscillation force of its material when the transducer element is actuated based on control signals applied to its associated first electrode and second electrode, where each transducer element has a unipolar actuation force direction, and where the phased array ultrasound device is configured to create a pressure focus point by actuating a set of transducer elements to form a combined ultrasonic wave.

Abstract: A phased array ultrasound apparatus comprises an array of ultrasound transducer elements; a plurality of first electrodes and a plurality of second electrodes, such that each transducer element is associated with a first and a second electrode; wherein each transducer element comprises a layer of piezoelectric material between each of the first and the second electrodes to induce emitting of an ultrasonic wave based on control signals, wherein control signals are shared by the transducer elements; wherein a phase of an emitted ultrasonic wave differs approximately 180° between two polarization states of the piezoelectric material; and wherein the phased array ultrasound apparatus is configured to individually change polarization state of the piezoelectric material of selected ultrasound transducer elements before activating at least a subset of the ultrasound transducer elements in the array to form a combined ultrasonic wave.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a fastenable device for oral area position detection that is fastenable to oral care implements.

Abstract: A fastenable device includes a housing having a base portion, a head portion opposite to the base portion, and a body portion between the base portion and the head portion. The base portion has a first fastener in the form of a full ring integral to the housing and defining a through-hole. The head portion has a second fastener in the form of an open ring integral to the housing and defining a snappable recess. The device includes a frequency generator housed in the housing and electrically connected to an electrode pair disposed on the housing, for applying a voltage with at least two different frequencies between the electrodes.

Abstract: An oral care implement (1) comprising: an electrode pair with an impedance formed therebetween when electrified; a frequency generator, electrically connected to the electrode pair, for applying a voltage with at least two different frequencies between the electrode pair; an impedance measurement unit, electrically coupled to the electrode pair, for measuring impedance values between the electrode pair at least at the different frequencies; and a contact determination unit, in communication with the impedance measurement unit, wherein the contact determination unit comprises a memory for storing a function, wherein the function correlates impedance values of a defined oral area at the different frequencies, and wherein the contact determination unit comprises a processor for processing the measured impedance values to the stored function so as to determine contact information of the electrode pair with the defined oral area.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a fastenable device for oral area position detection that is fastenable to oral care implements.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a fastenable device for oral area position detection that is fastenable to oral care implements.

Abstract: An oral care implement (1) comprising: an electrode pair with an impedance formed therebetween when electrified; a frequency generator, electrically connected to the electrode pair, for applying a voltage with at least two different frequencies between the electrode pair; an impedance measurement unit, electrically coupled to the electrode pair, for measuring impedance values between the electrode pair at least at the different frequencies; and a contact determination unit, in communication with the impedance measurement unit, wherein the contact determination unit comprises a memory for storing a function, wherein the function correlates impedance values of a defined oral area at the different frequencies, and wherein the contact determination unit comprises a processor for processing the measured impedance values to the stored function so as to determine contact information of the electrode pair with the defined oral area.